Occurrence of cfr-Positive Linezolid-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus and Non-aureus Staphylococcal Isolates from Pig Farms

Lee, Gi Yong; Yang, Soo-Jin

doi:10.3390/antibiotics12020359

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…The presence of the cfr gene, which encodes 23S rRNA methylases A2503, plays a crucial role in the development of PhLOPS A phenotype. Many published reports stated that cfr gene-carrying isolates showed higher phenotypic resistance levels compared to cfr -negative isolates [6, 22, 31, 32]. In the present study, all of the cfr -carrying isolates exhibited the PhLOPS A phenotype, including phenotypically susceptible isolates that carried cfr gene, which confers resistance to phenicols, lincosamides, oxazolidinones, pleuromutilins and streptogramin A antibiotics.…”

Section: Lrsh Isolatessupporting

confidence: 53%

Multiple mechanisms of linezolid resistance in Staphylococcus haemolyticus detected by whole-genome sequencing

Manoharan

Sawant

Prashanth

et al. 2023

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Introduction. Linezolid is an effective therapeutic option for treating severe infections caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-positive organisms. Several mechanisms have been reported to be responsible for resistance to this antibiotic. Hypothesis or Gap Statement. Although several mechanisms of linezolid resistance have been reported in Staphylococcus haemolyticus , the prevalence and potential for horizontal transfer of resistance genes have not been fully characterized, particularly among S. haemolyticus isolates from India. Aim. To perform whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of linezolid-resistant S. haemolyticus isolates to characterize the resistance mechanisms. Methodology. WGS was performed for 16 linezolid-resistant S. haemolyticus isolates to check for the presence of cfr, optrA and poxtA genes and mutations in 23S rRNA and ribosomal proteins (L3, L4 and L22) that are possible mechanisms implicated in linezolid resistance. Sequence types were identified using MLST finder. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of linezolid was determined using the E-test method. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was carried out for the detection of the cfr gene. Results. The study documented three different mechanisms of linezolid resistance in S. haemolyticus . Thirteen of the 16 isolates were phenotypically resistant to linezolid, of which 12 were positive for the cfr gene. The G2603T mutation in 23S rRNA was found in the majority of the isolates (n=13). Ten isolates had the R138V mutation in L3 ribosomal protein. Twelve isolates with the cfr gene in combination with either G2603T or R138V mutations displayed extremely high MIC values. Surprisingly, three phenotypically sensitive isolates were found to be positive for the cfr gene but negative for other resistance mechanisms. Importantly, in almost half of the isolates the cfr gene was present on a plasmid. ST3 and ST1 were found to be the predominant sequence types. Conclusion. All phenotypically resistant isolates exhibited two or three linezolid resistance mechanisms. The cfr gene was found on plasmids in many isolates, demonstrating its potential for horizontal transfer to more pathogenic organisms.

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Section: Lrsh Isolatessupporting

confidence: 53%

Multiple mechanisms of linezolid resistance in Staphylococcus haemolyticus detected by whole-genome sequencing

Manoharan

Sawant

Prashanth

et al. 2023

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Genetic characteristics and antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from pig farms in Korea: emergence of cfr-positive CC398 lineage

Lee,

Lim,

Park

et al. 2024

BMC Vet Res

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Background Livestock-associated Staphylococcus aureus (LA-SA) has gained global attention because of its ability to colonize farm animals and transmit to the environment and humans, leading to symptomatic infections and the spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). In the last decade, numerous studies have reported a high prevalence of S. aureus clonal complex (CC) 398 in pig farms. Results In this study, 163 S. aureus isolates were collected from healthy pigs (n = 110), farm environments (n = 42), and farm workers (n = 11), and their AMR profiles and epidemiological characteristics were analyzed. We identified 51 (31.3%) methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and 112 (68.7%) methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA), with 161 (98.8%) isolates belonging to the CC398 lineage. The highest prevalence of spa type t571 was observed among the CC398 isolates. All 47 sequence type (ST) 398 MRSA isolates carried staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) V, while four ST541 isolates carried SCCmec IV. High levels of resistance to commonly used antibiotics, including phenicols, quinolones, lincosamides, macrolides, aminoglycosides, and tetracyclines, have been observed on Korean pig farms. Notably, 21 cfr-positive CC398 isolates (four ST541-SCCmec IV MRSA and 17 ST398 MSSA) displaying increased resistance to linezolid were identified in healthy pigs. Conclusions In summary, these findings suggest that the multidrug-resistant CC398 S. aureus lineage predominantly colonizes healthy pigs and farm environments in Korea. The emergence of cfr-positive S. aureus at human-animal interfaces presents a significant threat to food safety and public health.

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Prevalence, detection of virulence genes and antimicrobial susceptibility of Escherichia coli isolated from arbor acres broilers feeding cycle in China

Zhou,

Tang,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Front. Vet. Sci.

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The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance originating from animals presents a significant threat to the treatment of animal disease, public health, and food safety. Researchers have focused on antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli (E. coli), yet there are few reports on the resistance change during the feeding cycle. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence and antibiotic resistance changes of E. coli in animal, environmental, and human samples during the broiler feeding cycle. Epidemiological surveys were performed in a farm with feeding AA broilers in Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China. Results showed that during a 42-days feeding cycle, 128 E. coli isolates were obtained from the cloaca of white-feathered broilers (n = 140), with an isolation rate of 91.4%, 27 E. coli isolates were obtained from Feed (n = 70) and 35 E. coli isolates were obtained from cage swabs (n = 70). A workers’ hands swabs sample isolation rate of 68.6% (24/35) was observed. Antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed that out of 214 E. coli isolates, varying degrees of resistance were observed against 14 antibiotics. Most strains were resistant to ampicillin, cephalothiophene, ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, sulfamisoxazole, sulfamethoxazole and florfenicol, with a resistance rate exceeding 80%. The resistant strains demonstrated relatively stable patterns in their resistance to various antibiotics. Of the six antibiotic resistance genes tested, the floR gene showed the highest detection rate (72.4%), followed by qnrS (43.0%), mcr-1 (35.0%), aadE-Sat4-aphA-3 (28.0%), blaNDM (8.4%), aac(6′)-lb (3.7%), and cfr (0). The highest detection rate for virulence genes was yijp. In summary, the isolation rate of E. coli and antibiotic resistance profile in broiler chickens remained stable throughout their feeding cycle. These findings can serve as a reference for the rational use of antibiotics in clinical settings, they can guide the use of veterinary drugs in poultry breeding.

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Occurrence of cfr-Positive Linezolid-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus and Non-aureus Staphylococcal Isolates from Pig Farms

Cited by 3 publications

References 50 publications

Multiple mechanisms of linezolid resistance in Staphylococcus haemolyticus detected by whole-genome sequencing

Multiple mechanisms of linezolid resistance in Staphylococcus haemolyticus detected by whole-genome sequencing

Genetic characteristics and antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from pig farms in Korea: emergence of cfr-positive CC398 lineage

Prevalence, detection of virulence genes and antimicrobial susceptibility of Escherichia coli isolated from arbor acres broilers feeding cycle in China

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