Occurrence of CTX-M Producing Escherichia coli in Soils, Cattle, and Farm Environment in France (Burgundy Region)

Abstract

CTX-M [a major type of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)] producing Escherichia coli are increasingly involved in human infections worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate potential reservoirs for such strains: soils, cattle, and farm environment. The prevalence of blaCTX-M genes was determined directly from soil DNA extracts obtained from 120 sites in Burgundy (France) using real-time PCR. blaCTX-M targets were found in 20% of the DNA extracts tested. Samples of cattle feces (n = 271) were collected from 182 farms in Burgundy. Thirteen ESBL-producing isolates were obtained from 12 farms and further characterized for the presence of bla genes. Of the 13 strains, five and eight strains carried blaTEM-71 genes and blaCTX-M-1 genes respectively. Ten strains of CTX-M-1 producing E. coli were isolated from cultivated and pasture soils as well as from composted manure within two of these farms. The genotypic analysis revealed that environmental and animal strains were clonally related. Our study confirms the occurrence of CTX-M producing E. coli in cattle and reports for the first time the occurrence of such strains in cultivated soils. The environmental competence of such strains has to be determined and might explain their long term survival since CTX-M isolates were recovered from a soil that was last amended with manure 1 year before sampling.

Extended-spectrum β-lactamase- and pAmpC-producing Enterobacteriaceae among the general population in a livestock-dense area

“…ESBL/pAmpC-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL/pAmpC-E) were initially only observed in human health care [2,3], but they are increasingly detected in the community [2,4e8] as well as in companion animals [9,10], livestock [2e4, 9,11,12] and meat [2,3,13]. Potential routes of transmission of ESBL/pAmpC-E to humans are via the food chain [2,3], by direct contact with animals [4] or indirectly via the environment [11,14].…”

“…Potential routes of transmission of ESBL/pAmpC-E to humans are via the food chain [2,3], by direct contact with animals [4] or indirectly via the environment [11,14].…”

Isolation and Molecular Characterization of ETEC and NTEC Escherichia coli from Cattle Farm With Reference to Virulence Marker Gene

“…NTEC were associated with intestinal and extraintestinal infections in both humans and animals (Kaper et al, 2004). The reports concerning livestock cattle are much less abundant (Hartmann et al, 2012). The objective of this study was to isolate and molecular characterization of potential zoonotic E.coli infection of ETEC and NTEC pathotypes at livestock farms.…”

Inadequately Treated Wastewater as a Source of Human Enteric Viruses in the Environment

“…According to the ECDC surveillance report (2011) and numerous other reports (Pitout et al 2005;Perez et al 2007;Guenther et al 2011;Liebana et al 2013), the prevalence of ESBL-producing isolates has been on a continuous increase during the last decade. The majority of ESBLs are isolated from human clinical samples; however, they were also detected in wastewater and human-impacted environmental compartments (e.g., Galvin et al 2010;Reinthaler et al 2010;Hartmann et al 2012;Chagas et al 2011;Korzeniewska et al 2013). ESBL-producing isolates of domestic and wild animal origin were also reported (Smet et al 2010;Guenther et al 2011;Tausova et al 2012;Liebana et al 2013).…”