Occurrence of endocrine‐disrupting pesticide residues in wetland sediments from beijing, china

Abstract

Wetlands are important habitats and spawning grounds to a diverse wildlife population and are particularly vulnerable to adverse effects of endocrine disruptors. Many pesticides possess hormonal activity and have thus been classified as endocrine disruptors. A new analytical method based on ultrasonic-assisted extraction, solid-phase extraction, and gas chromatography technologies was developed for analysis of selected potential endocrine-disrupting pesticide residues in wetland sediment samples from northern Beijing, China. The newly developed method was a less time-consuming and less solvent-consuming way of analyzing residues without an air-drying process prior to extraction. The selected pesticides included the compounds hexachlorocyclohexane, cyclodiene, DDTs, chlordane, hexachlorobenzene, heptachlor, endrin aldehyde, heptachlor epoxide, dicofol, acetochlor, alachlor, metolachlor, chlorpyrifos, nitrofen, trifluralin, cypermethrin, fenvalerate, and deltamethrin. Characterization and identification of the selected endocrine-disrupting pesticide residues in sediments may help to assess current pollution status of endocrine-disrupting pesticides in the area. Total concentrations of pesticides ranged from 15.4 to 38.1 ng/g (dry weight) with a mean concentration of 23.7 ng/g (dry weight) for sediment samples. Although levels of all detected pesticides were below the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, USA, sediment quality criteria, considering the potential health effects of endocrine disruptors even in a trace level, the use of the pesticides in the agricultural system should be minimized and regular monitoring is needed in the area.

Developing in vitro reporter gene assays to assess the hormone receptor activities of chemicals frequently detected in drinking water

“…CPF is an organophosphate insecticide that has been widely used in homes and on farms. In an environmental survey, CPF was detected in sediment samples from Beijing, China, with an average concentration of 0.199 AE 0.045 ng g À1 (Xue et al, 2008). CPF has also been detected in indoor air (9.3 ng m À3 ), outdoor air (7.92 ng m À3 ), floor dust (0.58 ng m À3 ) and solid food (0.77 ppb; Wilson et al, 2001).…”

Global occurrence of pyrethroid insecticides in sediment and the associated toxicological effects on benthic invertebrates: An overview

“…Fenpropathrin was detected in sediments in the U.S. [16,[37][38] and China [39], with a peak concentration at 54.5 ng/g dw in the sediment collected in an urban stream in South China [39]. Deltamethrin was detected in sediments collected in the U.S. [40], Botswana [41], Vietnam [42] and China [43], with a peak concentration of 59714 ng/g dw in a sediment collected from an urban river in Ha Noi, Vietnam [42]. Since data for fenpropathrin and deltamethrin were limited, they were not included for further discussion in this review.…”

Characterization in Potent Modulation on Voltage-Gated Na+ Current Exerted by Deltamethrin, a Pyrethroid Insecticide

“…In the current investigations together with previous studies, we provided the evidence to unveil that the presence of DLT, known to be a type II pyrethroid, was able to exert stimulatory actions on vastly different types of I Na , including I Na(T) , I Na(L) , I Na(Tail) , and I Na(P) , seen in pituitary tumor (GH 3 ) cells. It is likely, therefore, that the endocrine disrupting potential caused by the existence of DLT or other structurally similar pyrethroids, as demonstrated recently [ 2 , 16 , 20 , 27 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 ], could be highly linked to the excitatory actions on varying types of I Na presented herein, presuming that similar pharmacological or toxicological actions take place in variable types of endocrine or neuroendocrine cells present in vivo [ 2 , 3 , 7 , 11 , 13 , 42 ], although pyrethroids are thought to be around 2250 times more toxic than mammals [ 12 , 13 ].…”