Occurrence of False-Positive Tests and Cross-reactions Between COVID-19 and Dengue With Implications During Diagnosis: A Mixed Evidence Synthesis

Digwo, Daniel C.; Elebe, Chidinma P.; Chigor, Vincent N.; Madueke, Stella N.; Ezeh, Christian K.; Ike, Anthony C.

doi:10.1097/im9.0000000000000116

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…36 A review assessing the occurrence of false-positive serological reactions between dengue and SARS-CoV-2 reported a SARS-CoV-2 seroreactivity of 9.2% in 811 prepandemic dengue positive samples. 37 A study with 40 sera from patients with Chagas disease and presence of anti-Trypanosoma cruzi antibodies showed 6 sera reacting to SARS-CoV-2 N protein (15% false positives). 38 Schistosoma, dengue virus and T. cruzi are also known to trigger polyclonal B-cell activation leading to abnormalities in immunoglobulin secretion that can contribute to the production of antibodies, which could cause false-positive reactions in antigen-antibody tests.…”

Section: African Subjects Have Higher Rates Of Polyreactive Antibodie...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A study using 13 COVID‐19 serological rapid diagnostic tests with prepandemic samples of travelers infected with tropical pathogens showed that schistosomiasis and dengue also gave unspecific seroreactivities, with 18.1% and 7.5% false positives, respectively 36 . A review assessing the occurrence of false‐positive serological reactions between dengue and SARS‐CoV‐2 reported a SARS‐CoV‐2 seroreactivity of 9.2% in 811 prepandemic dengue positive samples 37 . A study with 40 sera from patients with Chagas disease and presence of anti‐ Trypanosoma cruzi antibodies showed 6 sera reacting to SARS‐CoV‐2 N protein (15% false positives) 38 .…”

Section: Discusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Malaria and other infections induce polyreactive antibodies that impact SARS‐CoV‐2 seropositivity estimations in endemic settings

Aguilar,

Jiménez,

Santano

et al. 2024

Journal of Medical Virology

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Anti‐severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) seroprevalence is used to estimate the proportion of individuals within a population previously infected, to track viral transmission, and to monitor naturally and vaccine‐induced immune protection. However, in sub‐Saharan African settings, antibodies induced by higher exposure to pathogens may increase unspecific seroreactivity to SARS‐CoV‐2 antigens, resulting in false positive responses. To investigate the level and type of unspecific seroreactivitiy to SARS‐CoV‐2 in Africa, we measured immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgA, and IgM to a broad panel of antigens from different pathogens by Luminex in 602 plasma samples from African and European subjects differing in coronavirus disease 2019, malaria, and other exposures. Seroreactivity to SARS‐CoV‐2 antigens was higher in prepandemic African than in European samples and positively correlated with antibodies against human coronaviruses, helminths, protozoa, and especially Plasmodium falciparum. African subjects presented higher levels of autoantibodies, a surrogate of polyreactivity, which correlated with P. falciparum and SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies. Finally, we found an improved sensitivity in the IgG assay in African samples when using urea as a chaotropic agent. In conclusion, our data suggest that polyreactive antibodies induced mostly by malaria are important mediators of the unspecific anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 responses, and that the use of dissociating agents in immunoassays could be useful for more accurate estimates of SARS‐CoV‐2 seroprevalence in African settings.

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Section: African Subjects Have Higher Rates Of Polyreactive Antibodie...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malaria and other infections induce polyreactive antibodies that impact SARS‐CoV‐2 seropositivity estimations in endemic settings

Aguilar,

Jiménez,

Santano

et al. 2024

Journal of Medical Virology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Presently there are multiple reports showing modest serological cross-reactivity between SARS-CoV-2 and DENV-2, significantly impacting dengue diagnostics [7] [8] [9]. However, it is yet unclear if this would have any clinical impact on dengue cases [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 spike antibodies cross-react with dengue virus and enhance infectionin-vitroandin-vivo

Jakhar,

Sonar,

Singh

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Dengue disease is highly prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. However, its pathogenesis is still incompletely understood, particularly in comparison to other endemic viruses. Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) is a well-known phenomenon for dengue viruses. Given the recent surge in dengue cases and potential cross-reactivity with SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, this study explores the impact of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies on DENV-2 infection.The study assessed the cross-reactivity of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies with the DENV-2 Virus. Human convalescent plasma samples collected during different waves of COVID-19 and monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies raised against SARS-CoV-2 were examined for their potential to cause ADE of DENV-2 infection using cell-based assays. The study found that anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies acquired from natural infection in humans or through experimental immunization in animals were cross-reactive with DENV-2 and had the potential to enhance DENV-2 infection in K562 and U937 cells. In-silico and in-vitro studies indicated a strong interaction between SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and DENV-2 E-protein, providing a molecular basis for these findings. This study is the first to demonstrate that anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies can cross-react with DENV-2 and can enhance its infection through ADE. These findings have implications for SARS-CoV-2 vaccine development and deployment strategies in regions where dengue is endemic.SummaryAntibodies against SARS-CoV-2 (RBD and Spike) showed significant cross reactivity with DENV-2 (E protein). Also, anti-SARS-CoV-2-commercial antibodies, immunised animal sera and 46 human convalescent plasma samples (from different waves of pandemic) demonstrated antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of DENV-2 infection.

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Occurrence of False-Positive Tests and Cross-reactions Between COVID-19 and Dengue With Implications During Diagnosis: A Mixed Evidence Synthesis

Cited by 2 publications

References 70 publications

Malaria and other infections induce polyreactive antibodies that impact SARS‐CoV‐2 seropositivity estimations in endemic settings

Malaria and other infections induce polyreactive antibodies that impact SARS‐CoV‐2 seropositivity estimations in endemic settings

SARS-CoV-2 spike antibodies cross-react with dengue virus and enhance infectionin-vitroandin-vivo

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