Occurrence of Glyphosate in Surface Waters of Southern Ontario

Abstract

Glyphosate in surface waters of southern Ontario (Canada) was studied over a 2-year period. A small percentage of samples exhibited glyphosate concentrations greater than the analytical limit of quantitation (17 microg a.e./L), and the maximum concentration of glyphosate measured was 40.8 microg/L. No samples of roughly 500 analyzed exceeded the Canadian Water Quality Guideline of 65 microg a.e./L considered protective of aquatic life. Typical concentrations of glyphosate in amphibian habitats were well below a range of toxicity thresholds for aquatic organisms, and were thus judged to be unlikely to pose a substantial risk to either sensitive amphibian larvae or other aquatic biota.

Re-registration Challenges of Glyphosate in the European Union

“…Italy (Lombardy Region) up to 96 Sampling intensity increased due to more concern about glyphosate residues during than previously, 2008Di Guardo and Finizio, 2018 analysis methods of better sensitivity and accuracy (Huhn, 2018). Glyphosate and AMPA were found to emerge in surface water by leaching from agricultural areas in the US and Canada (Edwards et al, 1980;Feng et al, 1990;Payne et al, 1990;Payne, 1992;Battaglin et al, 2005Battaglin et al, , 2009Kolpin et al, 2006;Struger et al, 2008;Shipitalo and Owens, 2011;Coupe et al, 2012;Glozier et al, 2012) among others by the US Geological Survey (Kolpin et al, 2006), at concentrations up to 5,200 and 400 ng/l, respectively in the US North Appalache and the Midwest (Battaglin et al, 2005(Battaglin et al, , 2009 in regions, where the use of glyphosate-based pesticide formulations is substantial e.g., due to the cultivation of GT (RR) crops (Cuhra, 2015). Glyphosate has also been indicated as a significant water pollutant from intensive agriculture in Mexico (Ruiz-Toledo et al, 2014).…”

“…Thus, glyphosate and AMPA were detected at concentrations 4-17 and 4-9 times greater than the sources of emission, respectively from agricultural soil and emitted respirable dust, 12 months after glyphosate application, in a central semiarid region of Argentina, indicating that these compounds are accumulated in the respirable dust and can potentially be a source of air contamination (Mendez et al, 2017). Moreover, glyphosate residues have often been detected in soil and sediments (Peruzzo et al, 2008;Aparicio et al, 2013;Battaglin et al, 2014;MardianaJansar and Ismail, 2014), and it has been shown by numerous studies that glyphosate reaches surface waters via dispersed small soil particles or colloids (Struger et al, 2008;Slomberg et al, 2017). A recent study provides a Europe-wide assessment of the dispersal of glyphosate and AMPA in EU agricultural topsoils, being present in 45% of the topsoils collected, originating from 11 countries and six crop systems, with a maximum concentration of 2 mg/kg, as well as their potential spreading by wind and water erosion , further affected by small-scale sediment transport in water erosion (Bento et al, 2018), persisting under low bacterial activity in limited aerobic conditions or non-neutral pH (la Cecilia and Maggi, 2018), and adversely affecting soil microbial and nematodal diversity (Dennis et al, 2018).…”

Time-Effect Relationship of Toxicity Induced by Roundup® and Its Main Constituents in Liver of Carassius Auratus

“…In the Canadian Water Quality Guideline, the safety exposure concentration of glyphosate was 65 μg/L considered protective of aquatic life [12]. So in this experiment, we set half of 65 μg/L as the sole concentration.…”

No effect of a glyphosate-based herbicide on larval dragonflies (Aeshna cyanea) and adult newts (Lissotriton vulgaris) in a laboratory-based experiment

“…However, sublethal concentrations are usually found in nature (e.g. Struger et al 2008, Peruzzo et al 2008, Battaglin et al 2009). These can also have serious consequences, such as developmental malformations (Lajmanovich et al 2003), UJSZEGI, J., GÁL, Z., MIKÓ, ZS.…”