Occurrence of high-grade LREE allanite-pegmatites and calcite carbonatite dykes in the Ediacaran complex of Aghracha, Oulad Dlim massif (South Morocco)

Benaouda, Rachid; Kraemer, Dennis; Bejtullahu, Sara; Mouttaqi, Abdellah; Bau, Michael

doi:10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2022.104727

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…(1) Magmatic beryllium deposits (1) Beryl-emerald-euclase-hambergite-bearing granite pegmatites (2) Be silicate and Be phosphate-bearing greisen deposits (3) Be-bearing alkaline intrusive rocks (nepheline syenite) (4) Be-bearing alkaline-ultrabasic magmatic massifs with carbonatites (5) Chrysoberyl within rare element pegmatites (6) Beryl-bearing pegmatoids…”

Section: Mineral Deposits Of Critical Elements With Special Reference...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(1) Pyrochlore-dominated concentric shell-type intrusions and carbonatites (2) Nb-perovskite-dominated laccolites (f) Magmatic rare earth element deposits (1) REE-P-Nb-Ta-Y-F-(Be-Zr-Th) deposits related to carbonatites (2) REE-P-Ti deposits related to alkaline igneous complexes (3) REE-U-Nb-bearing pegmatites (in places, transitional into intragranitic deposits with Mo-W-U-Be) (4) Polygenetic carbonate-hosted REE-Nb-P-F-bearing hydrothermal iron deposits with carbonatitic impact (5) Be-and Y-bearing alkaline intrusive rocks (nepheline syenite)…”

Section: Mineral Deposits Of Critical Elements With Special Reference...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is a series of REE-, Nb-, and Fe-bearing deposits in carbonatites and pegmatites (Figure 1). They have been investigated in on-shore Morocco and Mauretania as well as off-shore in some islands of the Canary Islands Archipelago, Spain [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Deposits of the elements REE, Nb, Ta, Be, Li, F, and Zr are grouped among the so-called critical elements, which become more and more important for final products for energy supply and storage of electricity, making use of different platforms such as photovoltaic systems, solar thermal systems, hydroelectric power plants, geothermal heat and power plants, lithiumion battery storage systems, bio-fuel production and as well as in the defense industry where the dissipative consumption plays an enormous part and thus needs ever-increasing amounts of critical elements with little or no chance of being recycled or substituted without a loss in quality of the weapons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Marker Minerals in Volcanics and Xenoliths—An Approach to Categorize the Inferred Magmatic Rocks Underneath the Present-Day Volcanic Landscape of Tenerife, Spain (NW African Rare Mineral Province)

Dill,

Rüsenberg

2023

Minerals

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A mineralogical mapping (terrain analysis) based on micro-mounts has been performed in the Archipelago of the Canary Islands, Spain. The rare elements Be, F, Li, Nb, Ta, Zr, Hf, and rare earth elements (REE) were investigated on the largest island of the Canary Islands Archipelago, Tenerife, Spain. This study forms a contribution to the metallogenetic evolution of the offshore area of the NW African Rare Mineral Province. The finds made at Tenerife were correlated by means of minero-stratigraphy with the adjacent islands La Gomera, Gran Canaria and Fuerteventura, where typical critical element host rocks, e.g., carbonatites, are exposed. At Tenerife, these hidden rock types are only indicated by a wealth of 128 compositional first-order marker minerals hosting Be, F, Zr, Nb, Ta, Zr, Hf, Li, Cs, Sn, W, Ti and REE plus Y and another 106 structural second-order marker minerals describing the geodynamic and morpho-structural evolution of Tenerife (Mn, Fe, Pb, U, Th, As, Sb, V, S, B, Cu, Zn, Mo, Au). Based upon the quantitative micro-mineralogical mapping of lithoclasts and mineralogical xenoliths (foid-bearing monzodiorite/gabbro, (nepheline) syenite, phonolite trachyte) in volcanic and volcaniclastic rocks, hidden intrusive/subvolcanic bodies can be delineated that are associated with contact-metasomatic, zeolitic and argillic alteration zones, as well as potential ore zones. Two potential types of deposits are determined. These are pegmatite-syenites with minor carbonatites bound to a series of agpaitic intrusive rocks that are genetically interlocked with rift zones and associated with a hotspot along a passive continental margin. Towards the east, the carbonatite/alkali magmatite ratio reverses at Fuerteventura in favor of carbonatites, while at Gran Canaria and La Gomera, shallow hypogene/supergene mineral associations interpreted as a marginal facies to Tenerife occur and a new REE discovery in APS minerals has been made. There are seven mineralizing processes different from each other and representative of a peculiar metallogenic process (given in brackets): Protostage 1 (rifting), stages 2a to 2d (differentiation of syenite–pegmatite), stages 3 to 4b (contact-metasomatic/hydrothermal mineralization), stages 5a to 5b (hydrothermal remobilization and zeolitization), stage 6 (shallow hypogene-supergene transition and kaolinization), and stage 7 (auto-hydrothermal-topomineralic mineralization). The prerequisites to successfully take this holistic approach in economic geology are a low maturity of the landscapes in the target area, a Cenozoic age of endogenous and exogenous processes amenable to sedimentological, geomorphological, volcano-tectonic and quantitative mineralogical investigations. The volcanic island’s mineralogical mapping is not primarily designed as a proper pre-well-site study on the Isle of Tenerife, but considered a reference study area for minero-stratigraphic inter-island correlation (land–land) and land–sea when investigating the seabed and seamounts around volcanic archipelagos along the passive margin, as exemplified by the NW African Craton and its metallogenic province. This unconventional exploration technique should also be tested for hotspot- and rift-related volcanic islands elsewhere on the globe for mineral commodities different from the ones under study.

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Section: Mineral Deposits Of Critical Elements With Special Reference...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mineral Deposits Of Critical Elements With Special Reference...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Marker Minerals in Volcanics and Xenoliths—An Approach to Categorize the Inferred Magmatic Rocks Underneath the Present-Day Volcanic Landscape of Tenerife, Spain (NW African Rare Mineral Province)

Dill,

Rüsenberg

2023

Minerals

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Subsurface structure of the Tarfaya-Laayoune-Dakhla basin (West African Craton Margin, Morocco) revealed from the analysis of aeromagnetic data

El Amraoui,

Boujamaoui,

Nait Bba

et al. 2023

Journal of African Earth Sciences

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Discovery of carbonatite-syenite hosted REE-Nb mineralization in the Amaragh area, Gleibat Lafhouda (South Morocco): Hints toward an extended mineralized alkaline province

Benaouda,

Kraemer,

Sitnikova

et al. 2024

Lithos

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Occurrence of high-grade LREE allanite-pegmatites and calcite carbonatite dykes in the Ediacaran complex of Aghracha, Oulad Dlim massif (South Morocco)

Cited by 4 publications

References 32 publications

Marker Minerals in Volcanics and Xenoliths—An Approach to Categorize the Inferred Magmatic Rocks Underneath the Present-Day Volcanic Landscape of Tenerife, Spain (NW African Rare Mineral Province)

Marker Minerals in Volcanics and Xenoliths—An Approach to Categorize the Inferred Magmatic Rocks Underneath the Present-Day Volcanic Landscape of Tenerife, Spain (NW African Rare Mineral Province)

Subsurface structure of the Tarfaya-Laayoune-Dakhla basin (West African Craton Margin, Morocco) revealed from the analysis of aeromagnetic data

Discovery of carbonatite-syenite hosted REE-Nb mineralization in the Amaragh area, Gleibat Lafhouda (South Morocco): Hints toward an extended mineralized alkaline province

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