Occurrence of indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with the rhizosphere of the naidí palm in Colombia

Abstract

In the Colombian Pacific region, the naidí palm, Euterpe oleracea Mart. (Arecaceae) produces high-value fruit due to its high nutritional quality, representing an economic benefit to the families of the region. In this study, we evaluated the occurrence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in the rhizospheric soil of E. oleracea in Bajo Calima, Buenaventura. This is the first report of AMF of E. oleracea in Colombia. Surface soil samples (0-10 cm) were collected in two areas (L1 - under the influence of rice cropping and L2 - tropical rainforest). The chemical properties of the soil, the number of spores, and the mycorrhizal colonization in the root were established. We observed low mycorrhizal colonization (10 % in L1 and 4 % in L2), negatively correlated to the content of available phosphorus in the soil. However, significant differences between areas (p = 0.009) were recorded. Globose, subglobose, and ovoid spores were observed (660 and 791 spores/100 g soil in L1 and L2, respectively). Spores are represented in several morphotypes that can be classified as Claroideoglomeraceae, Glomeraceae, Diversisporaceae, Paraglomeraceae, and Ambisporaceae. High available P content (13.1 mg/kg in L1 and 20.5 mg/kg in L2), among other edaphic factors associated, could explain the low mycorrhizal colonization observed, especially when there are not enough studies linking ecological factors with AMF dynamics in tropical rainforests. On the other hand, spore abundances reported in the rhizospheric soil of E. oleracea suggest a high potential to explore indigenous AMF activity in the Colombian Pacific region to achieve sustainable production practices in this palm.

Whole-Genome Sequencing and Annotation of the Yeast Clavispora santaluciae Reveals Important Insights about Its Adaptation to the Vineyard Environment

“…A future increase in the number of Clavispora santaluciae strains will allow the use of populational analysis methods to unravel new mechanisms of adaptation to the environment and to explore new practical applications of these isolates [53][54][55][56]. In detail, genome-wide environmental associations could be explored recurring to algorithms described for targeted mapping [57], linkage disequilibrium (LD) measures could allow the dissection of genetic diversity [58], and new approaches based on machine learning algorithms can open new doors to discover novel biotechnological applications [59,60].…”