Occurrence of Meloidogyne enterolobii in common bean in southern Goiás State, Brazil

Abstract

Meloidogyne enterolobii is known as the most aggressive root-knot nematode (RKN) in Brazil. Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) cultivated in the experimental field in Morrinhos, Southern Goiás State, exhibited symptoms typical to those caused by RKN. In order to clarify the etiology of the disease, root systems were analyzed. Typical galls of varying thickness were observed, with thickening larger than 3 cm in diameter containing RKN females inside roots and egg masses on the root surface. The identification of the nematode species was confirmed by isoenzyme electrophoresis (esterase and malate dehydrogenase phenotypes). This is the first report of M. enterolobii in Goiás and in Brazil parasitizing common bean under field conditions. This result is an alert to producers and to the State phytosanitary defense authorities, in order to prevent the further dissemination of this pest, especially in fields of common bean and industrial tomato in the State.

Fontes de resistência a Meloidogyne enterolobii de espécies silvestres de Solanum e híbridos interespecíficos

“…quickly spread in the national territory (Silva et al, 2021), causing significant losses to several other species and threatening the whole horticulture productive chain (Pinheiro et al, 2020).…”

“…Meloidogyne enterolobii specifically damages many important solanaceous crops, such as tobacco, potato, tomato, eggplant, scarlet eggplant (gilo), and pepper (Pinheiro et al, 2020;Schwarz et al, 2020;Silva et al, 2021;Ye et al, 2021), making it difficult to find root knot resistance sources amongst them. Thus, the identification of resistance sources in landraces (wild species) may allow the utilization of interspecific crossings and the use of grafting, that is a simpler technology with the potential of reducing the damages of soilborne diseases (Thies, 2021).…”