Occurrence of MRSA Endocarditis During Linezolid Treatment

Mansour, Ephraim; Jacob, Eunice Swarna; Monchi, Mehran; Ledoux, Didier; Canivet, Jean-Luc; Mol, Patrick De; Damas, Patrice

doi:10.1007/s10096-003-0959-6

Cited by 20 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…One study reported that vancomycin alone was more effective than either the combination of linezolid and vancomycin or linezolid alone for the treatment of MRSA endocarditis (18). Additionally, there have been several clinical reports of treatment failures (10,46,48). Our results are consistent with several published in vivo and in vitro studies suggesting that linezolid is bacteriostatic and may not be effective in patients with complicated sequestered infections such as infective endocarditis.…”

supporting

confidence: 87%

Impact of High-InoculumStaphylococcus aureuson the Activities of Nafcillin, Vancomycin, Linezolid, and Daptomycin, Alone and in Combination with Gentamicin, in an In Vitro Pharmacodynamic Model

LaPlante

Rybak

2004

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

262

209

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We evaluated the impact of high (9.5 log 10 CFU/g) and moderate (5.5 log 10 CFU/g) inocula of methicillinsusceptible and -resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA and MRSA, respectively) on the activities of nafcillin, linezolid, vancomycin, and daptomycin, alone and in combination with gentamicin in an in vitro pharmacodynamic model with simulated endocardial vegetations over 72 h. Human therapeutic dosing regimens for nafcillin, daptomycin, vancomycin, linezolid, and gentamicin were simulated. At a moderate inoculum, nafcillin (MSSA only), vancomycin, and daptomycin demonstrated equivalent and significant (P < 0.01) bactericidal (99.9% kill) activities (decreases of 3.34 ؎ 1.1, 3.28 ؎ 0.4, and 3.34 ؎ 0.8 log 10 CFU/g, respectively). Bactericidal activity was demonstrated at 4 h for nafcillin and daptomycin and at 32 h for vancomycin. Linezolid demonstrated bacteriostatic activity over the course of the study period. At a high inoculum, daptomycin exhibited bactericidal activity against both MSSA and MRSA by 24 h (decrease of 5.51 to 6.31 ؎ 0.10 log 10 CFU/g). Nafcillin (versus MSSA), vancomycin, and linezolid (MSSA and MRSA) did not achieve bactericidal activity throughout the 72-h experiment. The addition of gentamicin increased the rate of 99.9% kill to 8 h for daptomycin (P < 0.01) and 48 h for nafcillin (MSSA only) (P ‫؍‬ 0.01). The addition of gentamicin did not improve the activity of vancomycin or linezolid for either isolate for the 72-h period. Overall, high-inoculum Staphylococcus aureus had a significant impact on the activities of nafcillin and vancomycin. In contrast, daptomycin was affected minimally and linezolid was not affected by inoculum.

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supporting

confidence: 87%

Impact of High-InoculumStaphylococcus aureuson the Activities of Nafcillin, Vancomycin, Linezolid, and Daptomycin, Alone and in Combination with Gentamicin, in an In Vitro Pharmacodynamic Model

LaPlante

Rybak

2004

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

262

209

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“…Anecdotal cases indicate some effectiveness for both linezolid [89][90][91][92] and TMP-SMX in endocarditis, 75,76,80 although there are reports of failure with both agents. 80,[93][94][95] Extensive anecdotal data support the use of TMP-SMX for infections caused by MRSA, but only one randomized clinical trial has demonstrated its efficacy for such infections. Doubleblind, randomized controlled trials are needed to compare the two available oral agents, TMP-SMX and linezolid, against MRSA.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole as a Viable Treatment Option for Infections Caused by Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureus

Grim

Rapp²,

Martin

et al. 2005

Pharmacotherapy

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“…Surgical intervention was not performed in either case [39,40]. Two case reports also describe the failure of linezolid in the treatment of E. faecalis endocarditis and the occurrence of MRSA endocarditis during linezolid therapy [41,42].…”

Section: Linezolidmentioning

confidence: 95%

Agents for the treatment of multidrug-resistant gram-positive endocarditis

Long

2005

Curr Infect Dis Rep

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Several newer agents with activity against multidrug- resistant gram-positive pathogens are available. These agents have in vitro and clinical data supporting their utility in the treatment of infections caused by pathogens such as methicillin-resistant staphylococci and vancomycin-resistant enterococci. Daptomycin appears to be rapidly bactericidal, and linezolid and quinupristin/dalfopristin also are cidal against staphylococci. Although the agents have several properties that are attractive for use in endocarditis, clinical data are limited. Further investigation with each agent and combination therapy are warranted before definitive recommendations can be made.

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Occurrence of MRSA Endocarditis During Linezolid Treatment

Cited by 20 publications

References 5 publications

Impact of High-InoculumStaphylococcus aureuson the Activities of Nafcillin, Vancomycin, Linezolid, and Daptomycin, Alone and in Combination with Gentamicin, in an In Vitro Pharmacodynamic Model

Impact of High-InoculumStaphylococcus aureuson the Activities of Nafcillin, Vancomycin, Linezolid, and Daptomycin, Alone and in Combination with Gentamicin, in an In Vitro Pharmacodynamic Model

Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole as a Viable Treatment Option for Infections Caused by Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureus

Agents for the treatment of multidrug-resistant gram-positive endocarditis

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