Occurrence of Osteoporosis in COPD Patients- A Comparative Study with Age & Sex Matched Control

Abstract

Introduction: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) has been found to be associated with a variety of systemic manifestations and reduced bone mineral density being one of them. Due to scarcity of available Indian data, there is a need to evaluate the problem of osteoporosis in Indian population. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted with the objectives of studying the occurrence of osteoporosis in COPD patients as compared to age-sex matched controls and to assess the co-relation of osteoporosis with the severity of COPD.60 COPD (35 males & 25 females) cases, age & sex matched 60 control were classified. GOLD criteria 2013 was used to grade severity. Detailed clinical history & examination, blood investigations, spirometry & DEXA for bone density measurement was done. Results: Among 60COPD patients, 37 had osteoporosis (40.5% females, 59.45% males), 22 had osteopenia. As apposed, only 11.6%&68.3% control group patients had osteoporosis & osteopenia respectively. We found Lumbar spine osteoporosis to be more common. 22.2%moderate, 96% severe & 85.7%very severe COPD patients had osteoporosis, which was statistically significant. Conclusion: COPD patients are at a greater risk for osteoporosis when compared to age-sex matched control group patients. This risk increased with the severity of COPD.