Occurrence of perchlorate in groundwater, paired farmland soil, lettuce, and rhizosphere soil from Chengdu, China

Abstract

A total of 28 groundwater, paired farmland soil, lettuce, and its rhizosphere soil samples were collected from Chengdu, China to detect perchlorate levels and to evaluate the relationships of perchlorate concentrations among these matrices. The perchlorate concentrations in the groundwater, farmland soil, lettuce, and rhizosphere soil samples ranged from below detection limit to 60.2 μg L, from below detection limit to 249 μg kg dry weight (dw), from 2.07 to 1010 μg kg wet weight, and from below detection limit to 314 μg kg dw, respectively. Significant correlation was found in the perchlorate levels among the farmland soil, lettuce, and rhizosphere soil, suggesting that they have common pollution sources, or perchlorate might transfer from farmland soil-rhizosphere soil-plant. However, there is no significant correlation between groundwater and the other three matrices, indicating that infiltration from perchlorate contaminated farmland soil was not the predominant source for groundwater pollution in Chengdu. The perchlorate concentrations in the farmland soil and lettuce samples were significantly higher than those in the rhizosphere soil, primarily due to uptake of perchlorate through the rhizosphere micro-environment by lettuce, or accelerated degradation by rhizospheric microorganisms, which contributed more needs further investigation.

Analysis and electroanalysis of perchlorate in water and food samples: a critical review

“…Thyroid dysfunction or iodine (I) deciency affects the normal development of important organs, including the brain, central nervous system, and skeletal system. 8,10,11 Owing to its presence in various foodstuffs 2,5,8,[11][12][13][14][15] and drinking water, 15,16 The EFSA Panel stipulated a chronic tolerable daily intake (TDI) of 0.3 mg kg −1 body weight (bw) per day. 16,20 In this review, we focus on the electrochemical sensing of ClO 4…”

“…Thyroid dysfunction or iodine (I) deficiency affects the normal development of important organs, including the brain, central nervous system, and skeletal system. 8,10,11 Owing to its presence in various foodstuffs 2,5,8,11–15 and drinking water, 15,16 ClO 4 − was included in the list of Drinking Water Candidate Contaminants in 1998 by the US Environmental Protection Agency. In 2005, 0.0007 mg (kg −1 day −1 ), equivalent to 25 μg L −1 of ClO 4 − in drinking water, was established as a reference dose.…”

Poly‐γ‐glutamic acid improved biological nitrogen fixation, water‐nitrogen productivity, and nitrate residue in cotton/soybean intercropping

“…The problems faced by agriculture today, such as soil salinization, irrigation water shortage, and groundwater pollution, have increased with the increase in the global population 1‐3 . Nitrogen (N) brings benefits but also has serious negative effects 4,5 .…”

“…The problems faced by agriculture today, such as soil salinization, irrigation water shortage, and groundwater pollution, have increased with the increase in the global population. [1][2][3] Nitrogen (N) brings benefits but also has serious negative effects. 4,5 In particular, soil N leaching was one of the main sources of environmental pollution and human diseases, such as loss of biological diversity, eutrophication, 6,7 infantile methemoglobinemia, and cancer of the digestive tract.…”