Occurrence of pharmaceutically active compounds during 1-year period in wastewaters from four wastewater treatment plants in Seville (Spain)

Santos, Juan Luís; Aparicio, Irene; Callejón, Manuel; Alonso, Esteban

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.09.073

Cited by 267 publications

(114 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Unfortunately, we did not estimate the concentration of pharmaceuticals in sediments or suspended solids and thus we do not have direct evidence on the importance of sorption mechanisms. The tight association between attenuation rates of pharmaceuticals and attenuation rates of P has been also reported for WWTPs (Santos et al 2009). The statistical analysis of 63 analyzed WWTPs indicated that removal efficiencies of pharmaceutical compounds such as diclofenac and ketoprofen were highly correlated to the removal rates of wastewater characterization parameters such as TSS, chemical oxygen demand, biological oxygen demand, pH, oil and grease content, TN and TP content within the WWTP.…”

Section: 3supporting

confidence: 52%

Occurrence and in-stream attenuation of wastewater-derived pharmaceuticals in Iberian rivers

Acuña

Schiller

García-Galán

et al. 2015

Science of The Total Environment

110

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Amultitude of pharmaceuticals enter surface waters via discharges of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), and many raise environmental and health concerns. Chemical fate models predict their concentrations using estimates of mass loading, dilution and in-stream attenuation. However, current comprehension of the attenuation rates remains a limiting factor for predictive models.We assessed in-stream attenuation of 75 pharmaceuticals in 4 river segments, aiming to characterize in-stream attenuation variability among different pharmaceutical compounds, as well as among river segments differing in environmental conditions. Our study revealed that in-streamattenuation was highly variable among pharmaceuticals and river segments and that none of the considered pharmaceutical physicochemical and molecular properties proved to be relevant in determining the mean attenuation rates. Instead, the octanol–water partition coefficient (Kow) influenced the variability of rates among river segments, likely due to its effect on sorption to sediments and suspended particles, and therefore influencing the balance between the different attenuation mechanisms (biotransformation, photolysis, sorption, and volatilization). The magnitude of themeasured attenuation rates urges scientists to consider themas important as dilutionwhen aiming to predict concentrations in freshwater ecosystemsThis research was supported by aMarie Curie European Reintegration Grant (PERG07-GA-2010-259219) and by a Marie Curie Career Integration Grant (PCIG9-GA-2011-293535) within the 7th European Community Framework Programme, aswell as by the SpanishMinistry of Economy and Competitiveness through the projects SCARCE (Consolider-Ingenio 2010 CSD2009-00065) and ENDERUS (CTM-2009-13018), and the postdoctoral grants “Juan de la Cierva” (jci-2009-05604 and jci-2010- 06397), and by the European Union through the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER). This work was partly supported by the Generalitat de Catalunya (Consolidated Research Group: Water and Soil Quality Unit 2009-SGR-965

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Section: 3supporting

confidence: 52%

Occurrence and in-stream attenuation of wastewater-derived pharmaceuticals in Iberian rivers

Acuña

Schiller

García-Galán

et al. 2015

Science of The Total Environment

110

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“…Now days the presence of pharmaceuticals and their metabolites in urban wastewater, mainly as a consequence of the uptake of medicines, is largely known [1][2][3][4][5]. Because of the presence of active biochemical principles in their molecules, pharmaceuticals, once released to water environments, present potential hazardous effects on humans and aquatic ecosystems [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Some ozone advanced oxidation processes to improve the biological removal of selected pharmaceutical contaminants from urban wastewater

Espejo

Aguinaco

Amat

et al. 2013

Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A

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Removal of nine pharmaceutical compounds: acetaminophen, AAF, antipyrine, ANT, caffeine, CAF, carbamazepine, CRB, diclofenac, DCF, hydrochlorothiazide, HCT, ketorolac, KET, metoprolol, MET and sulfamethoxazole, SMX, spiked in a primary sedimentation effluent of a municipal wastewater has been studied with sequential aerobic biological and ozone advanced oxidation systems. Ozone, UVA or Fe(III) during photocatalytic ozonations also allowed mineralization increases, compared to the single ozonation process, from 13% to about 35%. Biodegradability of the treated wastewater increased 50% in the biological process and other 150% after the ozonation processes. Both untreated and treated wastewater was non toxic for Daphnia Magna except when Fe(III) was used in photocatalytic ozonation. In this case, the ferryoxalate formed seems to be the reason of toxicity. Kinetic information on ozone processes reveals that pharmaceuticals at the very low concentrations they are found in urban wastewater are mainly removed through free radical oxidation.2

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“…For example in Korea, over 95% of the Ab in the influent to a livestock wastewater treatment plant was present in the effluent [67]. Laboratory analysis of water samples collected at the influent and effluent of STPs confirms that they are a primary source of pharmaceuticals, which originate from disposal or excretion [15,[68][69][70].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Recent reviews have described the occurrence and possible effects of drug residues in tissues of aquatic organisms and wildlife [5][6][7]. Pharmaceuticals are introduced into the aquatic environment from a variety of sources, such as: hospitals [2,[8][9][10][11][12]; wastewater treatment plants [13][14][15][16]; drug manufacturers [17][18][19]; livestock farms [20][21][22]; and veterinary facilities [23,24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmaceutical Dispensing and Wasting In Health Care Facilities, Amounts, Costs and Evaluation of Potential Ecologic Effects

Mankes¹,

Silver²

2017

SOJPPS

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Drug waste from hospitals contributes to environmental contamination. Patient excreta, bathing or discarding of excess drugs are some sources of drug waste. We report on the wasting of 84 drugs of 14 therapeutic classes in two hospitals in Albany, NY. We consider drug metabolism, excretion, disposal and ecotoxicity in strategies for reducing drug waste, costs and potential environmental damage.Medication (12,345) and waste collection (199) records for: drugs dispensed, returned and wasted were examined. Of 2,700 drugs available, 84 drugs from 14 classes, weighing 56 kg were dispensed to patients, and 2.3 kg were wasted. Twelve drugs accounted for 80 percent of the drug waste and cost $111,000. Of the top wasted and dispensed drugs, all but ibuprofen are persistant and none were bioaccumulative. Ibuprofen, ipratropium ondansetron and oxymetazoline are "very highly toxic" or "highly toxic". Environmental Risk Ratio (PEC/PNEC) for the 20 top drugs were"Insignificant" or "Cannot Be Excluded".Acetazolamide is the most toxic to fish. Dexamethasone has the greatest chronic toxicity to Ceriodaphnia. Ibuprofen is predicted to be very highly toxic (acute and chronic) to zebra mussel, crab and fish. Neostigmine is the most acutely toxic (LC50<1 mg/L) to Daphnia. Ondansetron is the most acutely toxic to green algae. All but 2 of the drugs were 5 to 100% excreted. Fourteen were metabolised. Active metabolites were formed from 2 drugs. Nicardipine, ondansetron and prednisone formed drug conjugates which were excreted. Incineration was the manufacturer's recommended disposal method.We recommend excess drugs be returned to the hospital pharmacy for disposal by incineration. Drug use and disposal should be monitored by an expert committee according to recognized guidelines of pharmaceutical management. Knowledge of the adverse impacts from the release of highly toxic drugs into the environment must influence drug selection and disposal.Key words: Waste; Ecotoxicity; Wastewater; Abbreviations AMCH = Academic Medical Center Hospital; ASTER = Assessment Tools for the Evaluation of Risk. United States Environmental Protection Agency https://archive.epa.gov/med/med_archive_03/web/html/ aster.html Last accessed 6/4/17; B = Bioaccumulation is the general term describing a process by which chemicals are taken up by an organism either directly from exposure to a contaminated medium or by consumption of food containing the chemical; EC50 = Effective Concentration producing an adverse effect in 50% of a test species; EbC50 or ErC50 = EC50 in terms of reduction of growth rate; EyC50 = EC50 in terms of change in biomass yield; Ecosar = Ecologic Structure Activity Relationships is a computerized predictive system that estimates aquatic toxicity. The program estimates a chemical's acute (short-term) toxicity and chronic (long-term or delayed) toxicity to aquatic organisms such as fish, invertebrates, and plants by using computerized Structure Activity Relationships (SARs). https://www.epa.gov/tsca-screening-tools/ ecological-structure-...

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Occurrence of pharmaceutically active compounds during 1-year period in wastewaters from four wastewater treatment plants in Seville (Spain)

Cited by 267 publications

References 31 publications

Occurrence and in-stream attenuation of wastewater-derived pharmaceuticals in Iberian rivers

Occurrence and in-stream attenuation of wastewater-derived pharmaceuticals in Iberian rivers

Some ozone advanced oxidation processes to improve the biological removal of selected pharmaceutical contaminants from urban wastewater

Pharmaceutical Dispensing and Wasting In Health Care Facilities, Amounts, Costs and Evaluation of Potential Ecologic Effects

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