Occurrence of several acidic drugs in sewage treatment plants in Switzerland and risk assessment

Tauxe-Wuersch, Annick; Alencastro, Luiz Felippe De; Grandjean, Dominique; Tarradellas, J.

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2005.03.003

Cited by 344 publications

(187 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The discrepancies with the removals reported in literature and those observed in this study may be due to various factors such as the type of treatment process used at the treatment plant under investigation (Joss et al, 2006;Kanda et al, 2003), the solids and hydraulic retention times (Clara et al, 2005;Kreuzinger et al, 2004;Tauxe-Wuersch et al, 2005), the dilution of influent wastewater by rain events during the sampling period (Joss et al, 2006;Tauxe-Wuersch et al, 2005;Ternes, 1998) and very likely by the calculation used to obtain the removals themselves.…”

Section: Removal Of Doas By Wastewater Treatmentcontrasting

confidence: 92%

Impact of approach used to determine removal levels of drugs of abuse during wastewater treatment

Rodayan

Majewsky

Yargeau

2014

Science of The Total Environment

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• 19 drugs of abuse were studied throughout a wastewater treatment plant.• Drug levels were generally comparable between composite, POCIS and grab samples.• Overall drug removals during wastewater treatment varied between −84 and 90%.• Time-shifted mass balancing eliminated negative removals obtained with other approaches. In this study the levels of 19 drugs of abuse were estimated throughout a wastewater treatment plant using polar organic chemical integrative samplers (POCIS), 24 h composite samples and grab samples. Overall removal efficiencies and removals in between each treatment unit were calculated using load data for each sampling technique as well as removals that take into account the hydraulic residence time distribution of the treatment plant (time-shifted mass balancing approach). Amphetamine-type stimulants, cocaine and its major metabolite, benzoylecgonine and opioid levels determined with 24 h composite samples were generally comparable to those obtained with POCIS and grab samples. Negative mass balances resulting from the estimation of overall removal efficiencies by POCIS, day-to-day mass balancing of 24 h composite and grab sample data did not occur when the hydraulic retention time (HRT) distributions of the plant were taken into account for calculation. Among the compounds investigated, cocaine exhibited the highest overall removal (90%) while codeine had the lowest with 13%, respectively. Sampling between the treatment units revealed that highest removal occurs during biological treatment as compared to primary or secondary clarification. Methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), fentanyl, dihydrocodeine and heroin were not detected in wastewater at any of the sampling locations at the treatment plant regardless of the sampling technique. The study demonstrates the benefits of applying the time-shifted mass balancing approach to the calculation of removals of drugs of abuse during wastewater treatment. a b s t r a c t a r t i c l e i n f o

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Section: Removal Of Doas By Wastewater Treatmentcontrasting

confidence: 92%

Impact of approach used to determine removal levels of drugs of abuse during wastewater treatment

Rodayan

Majewsky

Yargeau

2014

Science of The Total Environment

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“…185.69 mg L −1 was found [70]. Diclofenac was detected in STP efflu-ents at maximum concentrations of 2.4 [15] and 1.42 µg L −1 [71] in Switzerland and Belgium respectively ( Table 1) which highlighted that the effects cited are of sufficient magnitude to suspect chronic toxicity in aquatic organisms. Diclofenac has also been found in rivers [21,22,72], groundwater [26], hospital effluents [47,73] and drinking water [22,32,71] but at concentrations in the order of ng L −1 .…”

Section: Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Wide dissemination at low concentrations mainly in the aquatic environment is evident today. Such concentrations have been detected in aquatic compartments such as influents [14][15][16] and effluents [17][18][19] from sewage treatment plants (STPs), surface waters (rivers, lakes, streams, estuaries, among others) [20][21][22][23][24], seawater [25], groundwater [26][27][28] and drinking water [29][30][31][32]. The scientific community is in broad agreement with the possibility that adverse effects may arise from the presence of pharmaceu-ticals not only for human health but also for aquatic organisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecotoxicological aspects related to the presence of pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment

Santos

Araújo

Fachini

et al. 2010

Journal of Hazardous Materials

1,305

533

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Pharmaceuticals are biologically active and persistent substances which have been recognized as a con-tinuing threat to environmental stability. Chronic ecotoxicity data as well as information on the current distribution levels in different environmental compartments continue to be sparse and are focused on those therapeutic classes that are more frequently prescribed and consumed. Nevertheless, they indicate the negative impact that these chemical contaminants may have on living organisms, ecosystems and ultimately, public health. This article reviews the different contamination sources as well as fate and both acute and chronic effects on nontarget organisms. An extensive review of existing data in the form of tables, encompassing many therapeutic classes is presented.Keywords: Pharmaceuticals, Sources, Environmental fate, Ecotoxicological effects

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“…Such a large usage could easily lead to the presence of DCF in water. However, due to its poor biodegradability and low adsorption capacity (Ternes et al, 2004;Tauxe-Wuersch et al, 2005;Joss et al, 2006), DCF could not be effectively removed in conventional sewage treatment plants (STPs) (Ravina et al, 2002;Scheurell et al, 2009;Forrez et al, 2010;Nam et al, 2014). The removal efficiency was mainly in the range of 21-40%, and the concentration of DCF in STP-effluent was reported within the scope of 140-1480 ng L À1 (Zhang et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Permanganate oxidation of diclofenac: The pH-dependent reaction kinetics and a ring-opening mechanism

et al. 2015

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Occurrence of several acidic drugs in sewage treatment plants in Switzerland and risk assessment

Cited by 344 publications

References 31 publications

Impact of approach used to determine removal levels of drugs of abuse during wastewater treatment

Impact of approach used to determine removal levels of drugs of abuse during wastewater treatment

Ecotoxicological aspects related to the presence of pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment

Permanganate oxidation of diclofenac: The pH-dependent reaction kinetics and a ring-opening mechanism

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