Occurrence of the leucine-to-phenylalanine knockdown resistance (kdr) mutation in Anopheles arabiensis populations in Tanzania, detected by a simplified high-throughput SSOP-ELISA method

Kulkarni, Manisha A.; Rowland, Mark; Alifrangis, Michael; Mosha, Frank; Matowo, Johnson; Malima, Robert; Peter, Justin; Kweka, Eliningaya J.; Lyimo, Issa N.; Magesa, Stephen; Salanti, Ali; Rau, Manfred E.; Drakeley, Chris

doi:10.1186/1475-2875-5-56

Cited by 93 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…A combination of resistance mechanisms might be a major blocking factor to the control of malaria vectors by impairing the efficacy of combined insecticides or synergist such as PBO with insecticide [34]. In the study area, the predominant mechanisms are phenotypic and metabolic [22, 23, 35]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Efficacy of PermaNet® 3.0 and PermaNet® 2.0 nets against laboratory-reared and wild Anopheles gambiae sensu lato populations in northern Tanzania

2017

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BackgroundMosquitoes have developed resistance against pyrethroids, the only class of insecticides approved for use on long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs). The present study sought to evaluate the efficacy of the pyrethroid synergist PermaNet® 3.0 LLIN versus the pyrethroid-only PermaNet® 2.0 LLIN, in an East African hut design in Lower Moshi, northern Tanzania. In this setting, resistance to pyrethroid insecticides has been identified in Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes.MethodsStandard World Health Organization bioefficacy evaluations were conducted in both laboratory and experimental huts. Experimental hut evaluations were conducted in an area where there was presence of a population of highly pyrethroid-resistant An. arabiensis mosquitoes. All nets used were subjected to cone bioassays and then to experimental hut trials. Mosquito mortality, blood-feeding inhibition and personal protection rate were compared between untreated nets, unwashed LLINs and LLINs that were washed 20 times.ResultsBoth washed and unwashed PermaNet® 2.0 and PermaNet® 3.0 LLINs had knockdown and mortality rates of 100% against a susceptible strain of An. gambiae sensu stricto. The adjusted mortality rate of the wild mosquito population after use of the unwashed PermaNet® 3.0 and PermaNet® 2.0 nets was found to be higher than after use of the washed PermaNet® 2.0 and PermaNet® 3.0 nets.ConclusionsGiven the increasing incidence of pyrethroid resistance in An. gambiae mosquitoes in Tanzania, we recommend that consideration is given to its distribution in areas with pyrethroid-resistant malaria vectors within the framework of a national insecticide-resistance management plan.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40249-016-0220-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…arabiensis against deltamethrin still induced exophily by both brands of PermaNet either washed or unwashed was higher and blood-feeding inhabitation was 100%. The deltamethrin resistance level has increased significantly in the past 10 years in Lower Moshi [14, 22, 23, 35]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of PermaNet® 3.0 and PermaNet® 2.0 nets against laboratory-reared and wild Anopheles gambiae sensu lato populations in northern Tanzania

2017

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“…Both mutations have also been reported to co-exist in the neighbouring countries of continental Equatorial Guinea (Gabon and Cameroon) [37] and in Uganda [38]. The western kdr was also detected in Kenya [39] and also in Tanzania [35]. However, reports from other countries with systematic national resistance monitoring activities are not readily accessible via searches of public databases.…”

Section: Resistance Patternsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The distribution of the published information on the susceptibility level of malaria vectors reflects the burden of the disease, with the majority of the reports originating from West Africa [6] [9] [17] [31]- [33]. In Tanzania, there is a strong bias of the published reports on insecticide resistance with nearly all originating from Northern Tanzania [15] [34] [35]. This calls for investigations of the same in other parts of the country and other malarious countries if we have to attain a common goal of reducing vector density thereby decreasing malaria infectiousness.…”

Section: Resistance Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Agricultural Pesticides Use and the Selection for Resistance to Insecticides in Malaria Vectors

Philbert¹,

Lyantagaye²,

Nkwengulila³

2014

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Most national malaria control programmes rely extensively on pyrethroid insecticides to control mosquito vectors of this disease. Unfortunately, the intensive use of this class of insecticides both in public health and agriculture has led to its reduced efficacy. The objective of this review was to assess the role of agricultural pesticides use on the development of resistance to insecticides in malaria vectors and the potential impact of this resistance on control activities. We searched library catalogues and public databases for studies that included data on resistance to the major classes of insecticides: organochlorines, carbamates, organophosphates and pyrethroids, in the malaria vectors of Anopheles genera. There is a strong geographical bias in published studies many originating from West African countries. Several studies demonstrate that resistance to pyrethroids is widespread in the major malaria vectors of the Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles funestus complexes. Assessing the impact of insecticide resistance on vector control is complicated owing to the lack of studies into the epidemiological consequences of resistance on the control of malaria and other vector borne diseases.

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“…The kdr mutation has been documented globally in many major arthropod pests and disease vectors and it is well-established now that mutations in the sodium channel are responsible for kdr [10; 11; 12]. Identification of kdr mutations has already led to successful development of rapid and accurate molecular methods to detect kdr -based pyrethroid resistance in field populations [13; 14; 15; 16]. Several comprehensive reviews on insect sodium channels and kdr have summarized pyrethroid resistance-associated sodium channel mutations identified in pyrethroid-resistant populations of pest species [10; 11; 12; 17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity and convergence of sodium channel mutations involved in resistance to pyrethroids

Rinkevich

Dong

2013

Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology

271

269

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Pyrethroid insecticides target voltage-gated sodium channels, which are critical for electrical signaling in the nervous system. The intensive use of pyrethroids in controlling arthropod pests and disease vectors has led to many instances of pyrethroid resistance around the globe. In the past two decades, studies have identified a large number of sodium channel mutations that are associated with resistance to pyrethroids. The purpose of this review is to summarize both common and unique sodium channel mutations that have been identified in arthropod pests of importance to agriculture or human health. Identification of these mutations provides valuable molecular markers for resistance monitoring in the field and helped the discovery of the elusive pyrethroid receptor site(s) on the sodium channel.

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Occurrence of the leucine-to-phenylalanine knockdown resistance (kdr) mutation in Anopheles arabiensis populations in Tanzania, detected by a simplified high-throughput SSOP-ELISA method

Cited by 93 publications

References 23 publications

Efficacy of PermaNet® 3.0 and PermaNet® 2.0 nets against laboratory-reared and wild Anopheles gambiae sensu lato populations in northern Tanzania

Efficacy of PermaNet® 3.0 and PermaNet® 2.0 nets against laboratory-reared and wild Anopheles gambiae sensu lato populations in northern Tanzania

A Review of Agricultural Pesticides Use and the Selection for Resistance to Insecticides in Malaria Vectors

Diversity and convergence of sodium channel mutations involved in resistance to pyrethroids

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