Occurrence of turbulent flow conditions in supercritical fluid chromatography

Pauw, Ruben De; Choikhet, K; Desmet, Gert; Broeckhoven, Ken

doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2014.07.088

Cited by 29 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…There are several factors that can affect chromatographic resolution by influencing the selectivity factor (α), retention factor ( κ ), and consequently influencing the column efficiency in SFC analysis. These include temperature (and thermal environment), pressure drop, flow rate, outlet pressure ( P o ), modifier nature, and modifier concentration.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the complexity of oil sands process‐affected water by high efficiency supercritical fluid chromatography/orbitrap mass spectrometry

Pereira

Martin

2015

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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This combination of high efficiency chromatography and ultra-high mass resolution detection resulted in a powerful method with capabilities for characterizing or 'fingerprinting' unknown species with little interference. The method has great promise for environmental monitoring and forensics in the oil sands region, as well as for further studies on the composition of dissolved organic compounds in OSPW.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the complexity of oil sands process‐affected water by high efficiency supercritical fluid chromatography/orbitrap mass spectrometry

Pereira

Martin

2015

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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“…In a recent paper, it was shown that turbulent flow conditions occur in the inlet tubing and/or flow cell of the given 1.7 L detector cell in SFC [19]. Given the lower dispersion volume of the 0.6 L detector cell, and its longer path length (10 mm vs. 6 mm for a 1.7 L), it can be assumed that the internal cell diameter is roughly 1.5-2 times smaller, resulting in higher mobile phase velocities and thus turbulent flow conditions may be more readily developed (since the Reynolds number, defined as Re = (4 · F/ · D 2 )(D/ ), where F, , and D are respectively the flow rate, density and viscosity of the mobile phase and the inner diameter of the tubing, increases with decreasing internal diameter D).…”

Section: Smaller Detector Cells: Behavior Under Turbulent Flow Conditmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These results shows that, at least from the perspective of pressure drop losses, potential miniaturization of detector cells for use in SFC-instrumentation at flows up to several mL/min is possible. However, care has to be taken to avoid an excessive increase in detector noise due to the turbulent flow conditions inside the detector cell [19].…”

Section: Smaller Detector Cells: Behavior Under Turbulent Flow Conditmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding and diminishing the extra-column band broadening effects in supercritical fluid chromatography

Pauw

Shoykhet

Desmet

et al. 2015

Journal of Chromatography A

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“…Laminar flow prevails at low Reynolds numbers less than approx. 2500 [33], which defines the limit for transition into turbulent flow. However, turbulent flow may be observed at Reynolds numbers much lower than 2500, even as low as 1-10, when retention is induced by chromatographic columns [34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Signal convolution indicates chromatographic pulse flow and open-end flow

2019

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Only slices are measured of very long segments of solute molecules that are injected into columns in chromatographic systems. Since the concentration of solute molecules changes during elution as a function of time, the observed signal should be reconstructed for a comparison of experimental results with theory. The influence of response time on the observed signal in high-performance liquid chromatography experiments was investigated in detail using a C-18 column for the measurement of caffeine in pure methanol as eluent. The response function influenced the observed signal by converting the square signal of pulse flow into a chromatographic peak. At faster linear flow rates (LFRs), the response function influenced the observed shape of the chromatographic peak, whereas diffusion dominated at slow LFRs. By convolution of the square signal with the response function, it was possible to predict the shape of the observed signal and chromatographic parameters and to provide an alternative explanation to the van Deemter equation. By using the shape of a known response function and modelling the new theory to data, it was proposed that the injected solute molecules were eluted over long distances through the chromatographic column, distances that are much longer than the physical length of the system.

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Occurrence of turbulent flow conditions in supercritical fluid chromatography

Cited by 29 publications

References 19 publications

Exploring the complexity of oil sands process‐affected water by high efficiency supercritical fluid chromatography/orbitrap mass spectrometry

Exploring the complexity of oil sands process‐affected water by high efficiency supercritical fluid chromatography/orbitrap mass spectrometry

Understanding and diminishing the extra-column band broadening effects in supercritical fluid chromatography

Signal convolution indicates chromatographic pulse flow and open-end flow

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