Occurrence of two mating groups in Phytophthora meadii causing abnormal leaf fall disease of rubber in South India

Rajalakshmy, V.K.; Joseph, Annakutty; Arthassery, Sheba

doi:10.1016/s0007-1536(85)80269-2

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Isolations from necrotic lesions of naturally fallen tree leaves indicate that in their centres of origin, P. ramorum (laurosilva forests in Vietnam and Japan); P. kernoviae and P. pseudokernoviae (Valdivian rainforests in Chile); and P. celebensis, P. javanensis and P. multiglobulosa (tropical rainforests in Indonesia) thrive in forest canopies as benign seasonal colonisers of senescent leaves [31,44,45,131,132]. Numerous leaf, shoot and fruit blights and canker diseases caused by aerial Phytophthora pathogens, including P. botryosa, P. capsici, P. heterospora, P. meadii, P. megakarya, P. palmivora and P. tropicalis, on tropical tree crops [8,26,[133][134][135][136][137][138][139][140][141][142] and the findings of S. medusiformis on naturally fallen tree leaves and stem tissue in tropical cloud forests in Panama and Ecuador predict a rich community of aerial Phytophthoras and other oomycetes inhabiting tropical forest canopies. Extensive surveys in canopies of tropical lowland and montane forests using both isolation tests and metagenomic approaches from necrotic leaf, shoot, fruit and bark tissues, canopy-drip samples and spore traps are needed in both wet and dry seasons to unveil the diversity of tropical aerial oomycetes and their ecological roles and host associations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synchrospora gen. nov., a New Peronosporaceae Genus with Aerial Lifestyle from a Natural Cloud Forest in Panama

Jung

Balcì

Broders

et al. 2023

JoF

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During a survey of Phytophthora diversity in Panama, fast-growing oomycete isolates were obtained from naturally fallen leaves of an unidentified tree species in a tropical cloud forest. Phylogenetic analyses of sequences from the nuclear ITS, LSU and ßtub loci and the mitochondrial cox1 and cox2 genes revealed that they belong to a new species of a new genus, officially described here as Synchrospora gen. nov., which resided as a basal genus within the Peronosporaceae. The type species S. medusiformis has unique morphological characteristics. The sporangiophores show determinate growth, multifurcating at the end, forming a stunted, candelabra-like apex from which multiple (8 to >100) long, curved pedicels are growing simultaneously in a medusa-like way. The caducous papillate sporangia mature and are shed synchronously. The breeding system is homothallic, hence more inbreeding than outcrossing, with smooth-walled oogonia, plerotic oospores and paragynous antheridia. Optimum and maximum temperatures for growth are 22.5 and 25–27.5 °C, consistent with its natural cloud forest habitat. It is concluded that S. medusiformis as adapted to a lifestyle as a canopy-dwelling leaf pathogen in tropical cloud forests. More oomycete explorations in the canopies of tropical rainforests and cloud forests are needed to elucidate the diversity, host associations and ecological roles of oomycetes and, in particular, S. medusiformis and possibly other Synchrospora taxa in this as yet under-explored habitat.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synchrospora gen. nov., a New Peronosporaceae Genus with Aerial Lifestyle from a Natural Cloud Forest in Panama

Jung

Balcì

Broders

et al. 2023

JoF

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“…Four discs per leaf were taken, with a total of 32 discs per progeny. Leaf discs were placed with their abaxial surface upwards in Petri plates previously lined with three sterilized moist filter papers and kept in the inoculation room at 25 • C. The center of leaf discs was inoculated with 20 µL drops of spore suspension containing 2 × 10 5 zoospores/mL [38,39]. Following inoculation, the Petri plates were incubated at a temperature of 24 • C under alternate light and dark conditions.…”

Section: Screening For Phytophthora Resistance Using Zoospore Suspensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Genetic Diversity and Resistance to Foliar Pathogens Based on Genotyping-by-Sequencing of a Para Rubber Diversity Panel and Progeny of an Interspecific Cross

Roy

Goonetilleke

Joseph

et al. 2022

Plants

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Para rubber trees (Hevea brasiliensis) are the largest major source of natural rubber in the world. Its major pathogens are Phytophthora spp., Corynespora cassiicola, and Colletotrichum spp. A rubber diversity panel of 116 clones using over 12,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from DArTSeq genotyping revealed clear phylogenetic differences in clones that originated from different geographical regions of the world. An integrated linkage map constructed with an F1 progeny of 86 from an interspecific cross between H. brasiliensis and H. benthamiana using 23,978 markers [10,323 SNPs and 13,655 SilicoDArTs] spanned 3947.83 cm with 0.83 cm average marker-interval. The genome scaffolds that were anchored to the linkage map, covering 1.44 Gb of H. brasiliensis reference genome, revealed a high level of collinearity between the genetic map and reference genome. Association analysis identified 12 SNPs significantly associated with the resistance against Phytophthora, Corynespora, and Colletotrichum in six linkage groups: 2, 6, 12, 14, 17, and 18. Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR marker assays were developed for those 12 SNPs, screened with 178 individuals, and detected clear separation between two genotypes. Within the proximity to those SNPs, 41 potentially key genes that have previously been reported to associate with plant disease resistance were predicted with high confidence.

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Phytophthora meadii may be a species hybrid

Sansome

Brasier

Hamm

1991

Mycological Research

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Occurrence of two mating groups in Phytophthora meadii causing abnormal leaf fall disease of rubber in South India

Cited by 4 publications

References 5 publications

Synchrospora gen. nov., a New Peronosporaceae Genus with Aerial Lifestyle from a Natural Cloud Forest in Panama

Synchrospora gen. nov., a New Peronosporaceae Genus with Aerial Lifestyle from a Natural Cloud Forest in Panama

Analysis of Genetic Diversity and Resistance to Foliar Pathogens Based on Genotyping-by-Sequencing of a Para Rubber Diversity Panel and Progeny of an Interspecific Cross

Phytophthora meadii may be a species hybrid

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