Occurrence of urinary tract infection among children attending Gandaki Medical College Teaching Hospital and Research Center, Pokhara, Nepal

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is considered as the most common bacterial infectious disease seen among the pediatric patients. Most commonly, members of Enterobacteriaceae, particularly uropathogenic strains of E. coli and Enterobacter spp. are the primary causative pathogens of UTI in the different part of the world. Emergence of antimicrobial resistance rates among pathogens recovered from urinary tract infections is an increasing problem in the specific region. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Prevalence and anti microbial susceptibility pattern of the bacterial uropathogens isolated from the children attending Gandaki Medical College Teaching Hospital and Reserch Center (GMC) Nepal. A total of 155 children aged upto 15 years were included in this study. Urine cultures were carried out and the isolates were identified by Gram staining and conventional biochemical methods. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by disk diffusion method according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). RESULTS: In the present study 21.3 % of the sample size, showed significant bacterial growth. E. coli was the most frequently occurring pathogen (39.40%), followed by Proteus spp. 21.2%, Citrobacter spp. and Streptococcus faecalis (12.1%) Klebsiella spp. (9.1%), and Staphylococcus aureus and Enterobacter (3.0%). Susceptibility rate of E. coli were 69.2% to Gentamycin and Amikacin, 53.8% to Norfloxacin, 38.4% to Nalidixic acid and Norfloxacin. CONCLUSIONS: Pediatric urine culture isolates were becoming increasingly resistant to commonly used antibiotics. Finally, we suggest that empirical antibiotic selection should be based on knowledge of the local prevalence of bacterial organisms and antibiotic sensitivities rather than on universal guidelines. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijim.v2i3.8665 Int J Infect Microbiol 2013;2(3):82-86

Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Uropathogens in Children Attending Tertiary Health Care Centre in Enugu, Nigeria

“…Age-wise distribution showed that the highest prevalence of UTI was seen in children aged 0-5 years (39.2%). This agrees with the work of Rai et al that reported the highest prevalence among children less than six years but disagrees with the work of Gautam et al that reported the highest prevalence among 6-10 years [26,28]. The higher prevalence of UTI among 0-5 years in our work could be because younger children are not well toilet trained with the likelihood of ascending infection from fecal flora [28].…”

“…On the contrary, Gautam et al reported high prevalence in males (51%) when compared to females (48%) with a ratio of 1:1.06. [26]. High prevalence of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in the female is as a result of many factors such as proximity of the female urethra to the anus, as well as incomplete and inordinate voiding of urine of schoolgirls of which is often associated with constipation and encourages infections of the urinary tract [27].…”

Bacterial Uropathogens, Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile and Associated Factors among Pediatric Patients in Bahir Dar, Northwest Ethiopia

“…Urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection in any part of urinary system (kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra) ( 1 ). It is one of the commonest bacterial infections encountered in daily clinical practice and a major problem that is frequently encountered by pediatrics healthcare providers ( 2 , 3 ). It begins when uropathogens that reside in the gut contaminate the per-urethral area and /or through hematogenous spread, are able to colonize the urethra.…”