Occurrence, spatiotemporal variation, and ecological risks of organophosphate esters in the water and sediment of the middle and lower streams of the Yellow River and its important tributaries

Li, W.T.; Yuan, Yu; Wang, S.L.; Liu, X.Y.

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130153

Cited by 26 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…The methods of water sample pretreatment were consistent with previous investigations [20][21][22]. The method was as follows: 1 L of water was first filtered through a 0.22 µm glass fiber filter, after which 20 ng of standard substitution was added to the filtered sample to remove solids such as particles.…”

Section: Pretreatment and Analytical Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 98%

Study of the Spatiotemporal Variations, Source Determination, and Potential Ecological Risk of Organophosphate Esters in Typical Coastal Tourist Resorts in China

Cao,

Wang,

Liu

et al. 2023

Water

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Investigation of the environmental occurrence and behavior of organophosphate esters (OPEs) is very important and is becoming a hot topic in the academic community. In this study, 12 targeted OPEs in the water and sediment from 19 coastal tourist resorts in the Shandong Peninsula in China were analyzed to show their concentrations, spatial variations, and potential ecological risks. The results showed that the total concentrations of OPEs (ΣOPEs) were in the range of 18.52–3069.43 ng/L in the water and 3.20–568.76 ng/g in the sediment. The dominant OPEs in the water and sediment were tris (2-chloroisopropyl) phosphate (TCIPP), tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP), and triethyl phosphate (TEP). The OPE concentrations in the water were ranked as dry season > normal season > wet season. The sewage treatment plants near tourist resorts were important contributors to the level of OPEs in the water. Triphenyl phosphate (TPHP), tri-n-butyl phosphate (TNBP), and resorcinol-bis(diphenyl)phosphate (RDP) had a relatively higher ecological risk than other OPEs in the water samples. Industrial emissions might be the main source of OPEs in the coastal tourist resorts of Shandong Peninsula in China. The results of this study verified that OPEs occur in the water and sediment of coastal tourist resorts, and more attention should be given to the existence of OPEs and the safety of aquatic environments near coastal tourist resorts.

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Section: Pretreatment and Analytical Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 98%

Study of the Spatiotemporal Variations, Source Determination, and Potential Ecological Risk of Organophosphate Esters in Typical Coastal Tourist Resorts in China

Cao,

Wang,

Liu

et al. 2023

Water

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“…In the formula below, U 10 is the 10 m height wind speed; U 2 is the 2 m height wind speed; Z 0 is the surface roughness [9].…”

Section: Determination Of Sand-driving Windmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aeolian Sand Erosion and Deposition Patterns in the Arid Region of the Xiliugou Tributary on the Upper Reaches of the Yellow River

Zhao,

Feng,

Dang

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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Surveys show that rivers worldwide transport an annual sediment load of 15 billion tons into the sea, with the Yellow River Basin alone contributing 1.6 billion tons of sand. Therefore, understanding the wind and sand dynamics in the Yellow River Basin is crucial to ensuring the safe development of similar basins across China and the world. This study investigated the midstream wind and sand area of the Xiliugou tributary, a part of the upper Yellow River. Sand transport flux at 0–50 cm height on various underlying surfaces of the basin was measured using a stepped sand collector combined with an anemometer. Then, the amounts of wind and sand entering the Yellow River were estimated using a function model based on the measured factors. The particle size composition of wind-eroded sand was further analyzed to better understand the principles of wind and sand erosion and accumulation in the basin. The results show that the sand transport flux per unit area varies significantly across different underlying surfaces. The vertical change in sand transport rate on the basin’s surface shows that the total sand transport rate is an exponential function of wind speed. Based on this relationship, the total annual average wind and sand entering the Yellow River basin via the Xiliugou tributary was estimated to be approximately 8.09 × 105 t. Controlled by the basin’s unique geography, sand source, and human activities, the particle size composition of wind-eroded sand distinctly differs between the east and west sides of the river channel, exhibiting a “wind-blown mud and water-washed sand” pattern. The Yellow River basin still faces significant ecological security hazards. Understanding the coupling relationship between desert-basin-sand and wind is the foundation for effectively controlling wind and sand flow into the Yellow River Basin.

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“…Organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) encompass a wide range of esters of phosphoric acid characterized by their structural diversity—featuring either alkyl or haloalkyl substituents [ 1 , 2 ]—and physicochemical properties that make them effective fire-inhibiting agents [ 3 ]. As a result, halogenated OPFRs are used as additives in a variety of commercial products such as foams, textiles, plastics, electronics, and furniture, while non-halogenated OPFRs serve as plasticizers and antifoaming agents [ 4 , 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As additives, they are not chemically bonded to their base materials and can easily diffuse into surrounding environments during production, use, and end of life stages [ 3 , 9 ]. The distinct physicochemical properties between each compound determine their distribution between air, water, and sediment compartments [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These five OPFRs have dangerous traits when exposed to living beings. TEP exhibited potential neurotoxic and mutagenic effects at high doses [ 12 ],TBP is neurotoxic and irritating even at low concentrations [ 13 , 14 ],TBEP is hepatotoxic and carcinogenic [ 15 , 16 ],and, although TCEP has been currently listed as a priority controlled pollutant in many countries [ 3 ] and replaced by TCPP as a safer flame retardant, they are both carcinogenic and neurotoxic [ 15 , 17 ], and TCEP production has not yet been prohibited [ 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Novel method for rapid monitoring of OPFRs by LLE and GC–MS as a tool for assessing biodegradation: validation and applicability

Losantos,

Palacios,

Berge

et al. 2024

Anal Bioanal Chem

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Organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) are high-production volume chemicals widely present in environmental compartments. The presence of water-soluble OPFRs (tri-n-butyl phosphate (TnBP), tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (TBEP), tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP), tris(2-chloroisopropyl) phosphate (TCPP), and triethyl phosphate (TEP)) in water compartments evidences the struggle of conventional wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) to effectively eliminate these toxic compounds. This study reports for the first time the use of white-rot fungi as a promising alternative for the removal of these OPFRs. To accomplish this, a simple and cost-efficient quantification method for rapid monitoring of these contaminants’ concentrations by GC–MS while accounting for matrix effects was developed. The method proved to be valid and reliable for all the tested parameters. Sample stability was examined under various storage conditions, showing the original samples to be stable after 60 days of freezing, while post-extraction storage techniques were also effective. Finally, a screening of fungal degraders while assessing the influence of the glucose regime on OPFR removal was performed. Longer chain organophosphate flame retardants, TBP and TBEP, could be easily and completely removed by the fungus Ganoderma lucidum after only 4 days. This fungus also stood out as the sole organism capable of partially degrading TCEP (35% removal). The other chlorinated compound, TCPP, was more easily degraded and 70% of its main isomer was removed by T. versicolor. However, chlorinated compounds were only partially degraded under nutrient-limiting conditions. TEP was either not degraded or poorly degraded, and it is likely that it is a transformation product from another OPFR’s degradation. These results suggest that degradation of chlorinated compounds is dependent on the concentration of the main carbon source and that more polar OPFRs are less susceptible to degradation, given that they are less accessible to radical removal by fungi. Overall, the findings of the present study pave the way for further planned research and a potential application for the degradation of these contaminants in real wastewaters. Graphical Abstract

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Occurrence, spatiotemporal variation, and ecological risks of organophosphate esters in the water and sediment of the middle and lower streams of the Yellow River and its important tributaries

Cited by 26 publications

References 54 publications

Study of the Spatiotemporal Variations, Source Determination, and Potential Ecological Risk of Organophosphate Esters in Typical Coastal Tourist Resorts in China

Study of the Spatiotemporal Variations, Source Determination, and Potential Ecological Risk of Organophosphate Esters in Typical Coastal Tourist Resorts in China

Aeolian Sand Erosion and Deposition Patterns in the Arid Region of the Xiliugou Tributary on the Upper Reaches of the Yellow River

Novel method for rapid monitoring of OPFRs by LLE and GC–MS as a tool for assessing biodegradation: validation and applicability

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