Occurrence, toxicity and adsorptive removal of the chloramphenicol antibiotic in water: a review

Abstract

Chloramphenicol is a broad-spectrum bacterial antibiotic used against conjunctivitis, meningitis, plague, cholera, and typhoid fever. As a consequence, chloramphenicol ends up polluting the aquatic environment, wastewater treatment plants, and hospital wastewaters, thus disrupting ecosystems and inducing microbial resistance. Here, we review the occurrence, toxicity, and removal of chloramphenicol with emphasis on adsorption techniques. We present the adsorption performance of adsorbents such as biochar, activated carbon, porous carbon, metal–organic framework, composites, zeolites, minerals, molecularly imprinted polymers, and multi-walled carbon nanotubes. The effect of dose, pH, temperature, initial concentration, and contact time is discussed. Adsorption is controlled by π–π interactions, donor–acceptor interactions, hydrogen bonding, and electrostatic interactions. We also discuss isotherms, kinetics, thermodynamic data, selection of eluents, desorption efficiency, and regeneration of adsorbents. Porous carbon-based adsorbents exhibit excellent adsorption capacities of 500–1240 mg g −1 . Most adsorbents can be reused over at least four cycles.

Magnetic porous carbon nanocomposites derived from cactus (Opuntia stricta Haw.) for the removal of toxic dyes: optimization of synthesis conditions using response surface methodology

“…Here, experiments for adsorption kinetics were performed in conditions of 0.1 g L −1 ZnFe 2 O 4 @AC and dye concentrations of 10 mg L −1 . Four adsorption kinetic models – pseudo‐first‐order, pseudo‐second‐order, Elovich, and Bangham – were applied as shown in Eqns (9–12), respectively. where k 1 (min−1) and Q 1 (mg g −1 ) are the first‐order rate constant and adsorption capacity, respectively; k 2 [g (mg min) −1 ] and Q 2 (mg g −1 ) are the second‐order rate constant and adsorption capacity, respectively; δ [mg (gmin) −1 ] and μ (g mg −1 ) are the adsorption rate and the desorption rate; respectively; and k B and α B are Bangham constants 27 …”

“…where k 1 (min−1) and Q 1 (mg g −1 ) are the first-order rate constant and adsorption capacity, respectively; k 2 [g (mg min) −1 ] and Q 2 (mg g −1 ) are the second-order rate constant and adsorption capacity, respectively; ⊐ [mg (gmin) −1 ] and μ (g mg −1 ) are the adsorption rate and the desorption rate; respectively; and k B and ⊍ B are Bangham constants. 27 The pseudo-first-order model reveals the theoretical hypothesis that the rate of occupation of adsorption sites of RhB, MO and AY dyes is proportionate to the number of ZnFe 2 O 4 @AC available sites. Implicit is the assumption that there was a binding activity between the dye molecules and a single active site on the surface of synthesized material.…”

Design of MXene-Based Multiporous Nanosheet Stacking Structures Integrating Multiple Synergistic SERS Enhancements for Ultrasensitive Detection of Chloramphenicol

“…In recent years, with the significant increase of antibiotic drug abuse, food safety has aroused widespread concern in society. Chloramphenicol (CAP), as a broad-spectrum antibacterial drug, is frequently used illegally in aquaculture and agricultural animals and potentially enters the food chain because of its high efficacy against some bacterial diseases, affordability, and availability . However, serious adverse reactions including barrier anemia, fatal aplastic anemia, leukemia, bone marrow suppression, optic neuritis, and headache can be caused to human health due to the residue of CAP in meat foods, , leading many countries to ban the use of CAP in food-producing animals.…”

Potential-Resolved Electrochemiluminescence Multiplex Immunoassay for Florfenicol and Chloramphenicol in a Single Sample

“…Chloramphenicol antibiotics (including chloramphenicol, florfenicol, and methylsulfonamycin) are widely used in the control of animal bacterial diseases with the advantages of a wide antibacterial spectrum, easy absorption by the body, and low cost of medication. , Among them, chloramphenicol (CAP) is a highly effective broad-spectrum antibiotic with a strong inhibitory effect on Gram-positive and negative bacteria . Due to its excellent antibacterial properties, stable efficacy, and low price, it has been widely used in animal husbandry and aquaculture .…”