Occurrences of thermophilic Campylobacter in cattle slaughtered at Morogoro municipal abattoir, Tanzania

Nonga, H. E.; Sells, Patrick; Karimuribo, Esron D.

doi:10.1007/s11250-009-9387-7

Cited by 24 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…of 9.5% on beef carcasses is in close agreement with a previous study that reported Campylobacter on 9.3% of dressed beef carcasses at the Morogoro municipal abattoir inTanzania. 61 In some countries, the prevalence of Campylobacter in beef carcasses was different and usually lower in comparison to this study. For example, the prevalence of Campylobacter in beef carcasses in Poland ranged between 2.7% and 14.9%, 19,91 while 3.5%, 3.3%, and 1.5% of the carcasses were contaminated in Finland, 38 Belgium, 33 and Canada, 11 respectively.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 74%

“…38 While only one previous study addressed the prevalence of Campylobacter in slaughtered cattle in Morogoro, 61 here, we report the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Campylobacter spp. recovered from raw milk and beef carcasses in three municipalities in Tanzania.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…13,46 The prevalence of Campylobacter species in poultry and humans have been documented in Tanzania. 24,43,56,57,61 However, limited data are available regarding the prevalence of Campylobacter in other foods, particularly in meat and milk, and even scantier information exists regarding the antimicrobial resistance properties of these pathogens. Prompted by the lack of data, we investigated the prevalence, and phenotypic and genotypic antimicrobial resistance profiles of Campylobacter spp.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance ofCampylobacterIsolated from Dressed Beef Carcasses and Raw Milk in Tanzania

Kashoma

Kassem

John

et al. 2016

Microbial Drug Resistance

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Campylobacter species are commonly transmitted to humans through consumption of contaminated foods such as milk and meat. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence, antimicrobial resistance, and genetic determinants of resistance of Campylobacter isolated from raw milk and beef carcasses in Tanzania. The antimicrobial resistance genes tested included bla OXA-61 (ampicillin), aph-3-1 (aminoglycoside), tet(O) (tetracycline), and cmeB (multi-drug efflux pump). The prevalence of Campylobacter was 9.5% in beef carcasses and 13.4% in raw milk, respectively. Using multiplex-polymerase chain reaction (PCR), we identified 58.1% of the isolates as Campylobacter jejuni, 30.7% as Campylobacter coli, and 9.7% as other Campylobacter spp. One isolate (1.6%) was positive for both C. jejuni and C. coli specific PCR. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing using the disk diffusion assay and the broth microdilution method showed resistance to: ampicillin (63% and 94.1%), ciprofloxacin (9.3% and 11.8%), erythromycin (53.7% and 70.6%), gentamicin (0% and 15.7%), streptomycin (35.2% and 84.3%), and tetracycline (18.5% and 17.7%), respectively. Resistance to azithromycin (42.6%), nalidixic acid (64.8%), and chloramphenicol (13%) was determined using the disk diffusion assay only, while resistance to tylosin (90.2%) was quantified using the broth microdilution method. The bla OXA-61 (52.6% and 28.1%), cmeB (26.3% and 31.3%), tet(O) (26.3% and 31.3%), and aph-3-1 (5.3% and 3.0%) were detected in C. coli and C. jejuni. These findings highlight the extent of antimicrobial resistance in Campylobacter occurring in important foods in Tanzania. The potential risks to consumers emphasize the need for adequate control approaches, including the prudent use of antimicrobials to minimize the spread of antimicrobial-resistant Campylobacter.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 74%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

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confidence: 99%

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Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance ofCampylobacterIsolated from Dressed Beef Carcasses and Raw Milk in Tanzania

Kashoma

Kassem

John

et al. 2016

Microbial Drug Resistance

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“…Spread of zoonotic diseases may be enhanced by poor hygiene and sanitation; malnutrition; poor health status; poor feeding habits; poor immunity and HIV and AIDS [3–8]. Thermophilic Campylobacter isolation rates of up to 70% have been reported in chickens [9], ducks 80% [10], beef 9.3% [11], pork 10.6% [12] and milk 13.4% (Kashoma, 2015; personal communication). Consumption of raw or undercooked meat, raw milk and untreated water are among predisposing factors to Campylobacter infection in humans [3, 13–16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and RAPD-PCR typing of thermophilic campylobacters from children under five years and chickens in Morogoro Municipality, Tanzania

et al. 2016

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Background: Campylobacter species are gram negative and flagellated bacteria under the genus Campylobacter, family Campylobacteriaceae. These pathogens cause zoonotic infections among human and animal populations. This study was undertaken between December 2006 and May 2007 to determine prevalence, risk factors and genetic diversity of thermophilic Campylobacter isolates from children less than 5 years and chickens in Morogoro Municipality, Tanzania. Methods: The Skirrow's protocol was used for isolation and identification of Campylobacter from 268 human stool specimens and 419 chicken cloacal swabs. Patient biodata and risk factors associated with human infection were also collected. Genetic diversity of Campylobacter isolates was determined by a RAPD-PCR technique using OPA 11 primer (5′-CAA TCG CCG T-3′). Phylogenetic analysis and band pattern comparison were done by Bionumerics software and visual inspection. Results: Stool samples from 268 children and 419 cloacal swabs from chickens were analyzed. Prevalence of thermophilic Campylobacters in children was 19% with higher isolation frequency (p = 0.046) in males (23.5%) than females (13.8%). Campylobacter jejuni (78.4%) was more isolated (p = 0.000) than C. coli (19.6%) and 2% were unidentified isolates. In chickens, the prevalence was 42.5% with higher isolation rate (p = 0.000) of C. jejuni (87%) than C. coli (13%). Campylobacters were more frequently recovered (p = 0.000) from indigenous/ local chickens (75. 0%) followed by cockerels (52.2%), broilers (50.0%) and lowest in layers (22.7%). Keeping chickens without other domestic animals concurrently (p = 0.000), chicken types (p = 0.000) and flock size (p = 0.007) were risk factors for infection in chickens. One hundred and fifty two (152) thermophillic Campylobacter isolates were genotyped by RAPD-PCR of which 114 were C. jejuni (74 from chickens and 40 humans) and 38 C. coli (28 from chickens and 10 humans). Comparison of Campylobacter isolates from children and chickens revealed high diversity with only 6.1% of C. jejuni and 5.3% of C. coli being 100% genetically similar.

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“…In Tanzania, several Campylobacter prevalence studies have been performed in poultry, ruminants, and humans using Skirrow's protocol (Mdegela et al 2006;Chuma 2008;Nonga et al 2009;Kusiluka et al 2009). The prevalence of Campylobacter pathogens may be underreported because of the shortfalls which may be associated with the Skirrow's isolation method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Cape Town and Skirrow's Campylobacter isolation protocols in humans and broilers in Morogoro, Tanzania

Jacob

Mdegela

Nonga

2011

Trop Anim Health Prod

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Comparison of Cape Town and Skirrow's protocols used in isolation of Campylobacter in humans and broilers was carried out in a cross-sectional study in Morogoro, Tanzania. A total of 176 and 158 human stool and broiler intestinal samples were collected, respectively. While human stool samples were collected from selected health centers, broiler intestinal samples were obtained from selected farms and chicken markets. Samples were inoculated and cultured in duplicate using two protocols and prevalence of Campylobacter were established. In humans, the prevalence of Campylobacter isolates was significantly higher (P < 0.001) (21.6%) with Cape Town protocol than Skirrow's method (9.1%). Similarly, a higher prevalence (P < 0.05) in broilers was recorded in Cape Town protocol (77.8%) than Skirrow's method (66.5%). There was a moderate (0.53) Kappa test of agreement between Skirrow's and Cape Town protocols for human samples and substantial agreement (0.72) for broiler samples. This demonstrates that Cape Town protocol is superior over the Skirrow's protocol in Campylobacter isolation. Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli and Campylobacter lari were the Campylobacter spp. isolated. In humans, C. jejuni accounted for 92.1% and 87.5% of all positive samples with Cape Town and Skirrow's protocols, respectively. In broilers, C. jejuni was isolated at 91.1% and 92.5% of all species obtained with Cape Town and Skirrow's protocols, respectively. This shows that C. jejuni is the common species that may be circulating from either broilers to humans or other animals and vice versa. The present study has introduced Cape Town protocol in Tanzania for Campylobacter isolation from human and animal samples, which is expected to improve the isolation of Campylobacter species. Cape Town protocol may also be a good alternative for use in routine isolation of Campylobacter.

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Occurrences of thermophilic Campylobacter in cattle slaughtered at Morogoro municipal abattoir, Tanzania

Cited by 24 publications

References 18 publications

Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance ofCampylobacterIsolated from Dressed Beef Carcasses and Raw Milk in Tanzania

Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance ofCampylobacterIsolated from Dressed Beef Carcasses and Raw Milk in Tanzania

Epidemiology and RAPD-PCR typing of thermophilic campylobacters from children under five years and chickens in Morogoro Municipality, Tanzania

Comparison of Cape Town and Skirrow's Campylobacter isolation protocols in humans and broilers in Morogoro, Tanzania

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