Ocean‐Ionosphere Disturbances Due To the 15 January 2022 Hunga‐Tonga Hunga‐Ha'apai Eruption

Ravanelli, Michela; Astafyeva, Elvira; Munaibari, Edhah; Rolland, Lucie; Mikesell, T. Dylan

doi:10.1029/2022gl101465

Cited by 21 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(59 reference statements)

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“…The volcano has triggered destructive tsunami waves and a variety of atmospheric waves and disturbances that propagated globally. This unprecedented event was closely monitored by the scientific community, providing a unique opportunity to gather data and understand the complex interactions between the Earth's atmosphere and ionosphere (Adam, 2022;Amores et al, 2022;Astafyeva et al, 2022;Garvin, 2022;Harding et al, 2022;Le et al, 2022;Ravanelli et al, 2023;S. Saito, 2022;Terry et al, 2022;Themens et al, 2022;Zhang et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of Equatorial Plasma Bubbles (EPBs) Over the Indian Region on 15 January 2022 and Their Plausible Connection to the Tonga Volcano Eruption

Barad,

Sripathi,

Banola

et al. 2024

JGR Space Physics

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This study focuses on the causes for the generation of equatorial plasma bubbles (EPBs) over the Indian subcontinent and their correlation with atmospheric‐ionospheric disturbances resulting from the eruption of the Tonga volcano on 15 January 2022. Concurrent ionosonde observations obtained from Tirunelveli (8.67°N, 77.81°E) and Prayagraj (25.41°N, 81.93°E) show the presence of spread‐F traces in ionograms. Notably, the EPBs are also accompanied by plasma blobs (PBs), with their pronounced occurrence during midnight at Prayagraj and Tirunelveli. Analysis of in situ electron density observations obtained from the Swarm B and C satellites reveals substantial plasma density depletions associated with EPBs. An intriguing observation is the intensification of Pre‐Reversal Enhancement (PRE) immediately preceding the onset of spread‐F at Tirunelveli due to enhanced eastward F region zonal winds by Tonga Volcano, as seen in the satellite observations. Furthermore, the isofrequency analysis from Tirunelveli shows the presence of gravity wave‐like oscillations in the equatorial F‐region over India. The investigation of Total Electron Content (TEC) obtained from a Pseudo Random Number (PRN)‐14 over Indian longitudes suggests the presence of two dominant modes of Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances (TIDs) with speeds ∼452 m/s and ∼406 m/s having periods in the range of ∼65–75 min. These observations reaffirm that volcano triggered atmospheric/ionospheric disturbances can propagate long distances for several hours and can provide necessary seeding conditions for the generation of EPBs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of Equatorial Plasma Bubbles (EPBs) Over the Indian Region on 15 January 2022 and Their Plausible Connection to the Tonga Volcano Eruption

Barad,

Sripathi,

Banola

et al. 2024

JGR Space Physics

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“…After the volcanic eruption, the generated Lamb waves propagated at the boundary of air and solid Earth, and traveled around the Earth several times (Amores et al., 2022; Lin et al., 2022; Omira et al., 2022; Otsuka, 2022). A few studies focused on the effect of Lamb wave on the ocean (Jia & Minnett, 2023; Lynett et al., 2022; Ravanelli et al., 2023; Tonegawa & Fukao, 2023): however, the study of that on far‐field groundwater is limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Far‐Field Groundwater Response to the Lamb Waves From the 2022 Hunga‐Tonga Volcano Eruption

Zhang,

Chen,

Zhong

et al. 2024

Geophysical Research Letters

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On 15 January 2022, the largest eruption of the Hunga‐Tonga volcano in recorded history produced a plume registered by multi‐parametric instruments around the world. However, the far‐field hydrogeological responses to Lamb waves from this eruption remain underexplored. We studied the responses of groundwater to the volcanic eruption in the far‐field over 8,700 km, including 274 wells. Results show that the Lamb waves with a speed of 316 m/s affects the groundwater system, leading to similar fluctuations in well water level (WL) and opposite phase fluctuation in borehole strain. Different wells exhibit diverse responses in WL amplitudes, possibly for heterogeneities in local aquifer systems. Gain values of 5 wells that simultaneously measure atmospheric pressure, borehole air pressure, borehole strain and WL are consistent with results obtained through cross‐power spectrum estimation. This work demonstrates a novel response in far‐field groundwater systems induced by Lamb waves and expects application for aquifer parameter estimation.

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Anatomy of the Tsunami and Lamb Waves-Induced Ionospheric Signatures Generated by the 2022 Hunga Tonga Volcanic Eruption

Munaibari

Rolland

Sladen

et al. 2023

Pure Appl. Geophys.

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As tsunamis propagate across open oceans, they remain largely unseen due to the lack of adequate sensors. To address this fundamental limitation of existing tsunami warnings, we investigate Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) data to monitor the ionosphere Total Electron Content (TEC) for Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances (TIDs) created by tsunami-induced internal gravity waves (IGWs). The approach has been applied to regular tsunamis generated by earthquakes, while the case of undersea volcanic eruptions injecting energy into both the ocean and the atmosphere remains mostly unexplored. With both a regular tsunami and air-sea waves, the large 2022 Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai volcanic eruption is a challenge. Here, we show that even in near-field regions (1000–1500 km), despite the complex wavefield, we can isolate the regular tsunami signature. We also highlight that the eruption-generated Lamb wave induces an ionospheric disturbance with a similar waveform and an amplitude spatial pattern consistent with IGW origin but with a quasi-constant propagation speed (~ 315 m/s). These results imply that when GNSS-TEC measurements are registered near an ocean bottom pressure sensor, they can help discriminating the regular tsunami from the initial air-sea waves appearing in the sensor observations.

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Ocean‐Ionosphere Disturbances Due To the 15 January 2022 Hunga‐Tonga Hunga‐Ha'apai Eruption

Abstract: Volcanic eruptions can produce gravity, acoustic-gravity, and acoustic waves that can perturb the ionosphere, generating the so-called co-volcanic ionospheric disturbances (CVIDs) (

Cited by 21 publications

References 39 publications

Occurrence of Equatorial Plasma Bubbles (EPBs) Over the Indian Region on 15 January 2022 and Their Plausible Connection to the Tonga Volcano Eruption

Occurrence of Equatorial Plasma Bubbles (EPBs) Over the Indian Region on 15 January 2022 and Their Plausible Connection to the Tonga Volcano Eruption

Far‐Field Groundwater Response to the Lamb Waves From the 2022 Hunga‐Tonga Volcano Eruption

Anatomy of the Tsunami and Lamb Waves-Induced Ionospheric Signatures Generated by the 2022 Hunga Tonga Volcanic Eruption

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