Ocean temperatures through the Phanerozoic reassessed

Grossman, Ethan L.; Joachimski, Michael M.

doi:10.1038/s41598-022-11493-1

Cited by 57 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 82 publications

(123 reference statements)

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“…the most recent estimate is a total range of 6 K or ±3, [Tierney et al, 2020]). At even larger scales there is evidence (from ice core and benthic paleodata, notably updated with a much improved mega-climate series by [Grossman and Joachimski, 2022], bold curve at the right), that there is a narrow macroclimate regime and then a wide range megaclimate regime, but these are outside our present scope (see [Lovejoy, 2015] for more discussion). 21), is the near linear -i.e.…”

Section: Revisiting the Atmosphere With The Help Of Fluctuation Analysismentioning

confidence: 79%

“…The only update in fig. 2 is the (top) megaclimate series that was taken from [Grossman and Joachimski, 2022] rather than the [Veizer et al, 1999] Appendix B: Estimation methods for wide range scaling processes…”

Section: Appendix Amentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The black curves have H>0, the red, H<0, see the parameter estimates in Section A. The figure is from [Lovejoy, 2018] updated only in the top megaclimate series that is at higher resolution than the previous, (from [Grossman and Joachimski, 2022].…”

Section: Introduction 11 Dynamical Ranges Fluctuations and Scalementioning

confidence: 99%

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Review Article: Scaling, dynamical regimes and stratification: How long does weather last? How big is a cloud?

Lovejoy

2023

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Abstract. Until the 1980’s, scaling notions were restricted to self-similar homogeneous special cases. I review developments over the last decades, especially in multifractals and Generalized Scale Invariance (GSI). The former is necessary for characterizing and modelling strongly intermittent scaling processes while the GSI formalism extends scaling to strongly anisotropic (especially stratified) systems. Both of these generalizations are necessary for atmospheric applications. The theory and (some) of the now burgeoning empirical evidence in its favour is reviewed. Scaling can now be understood as a very general symmetry principle. It is needed to clarify and quantify the notion of dynamical regimes. In addition to the weather and climate, there is an intermediate “macroweather regime” and at time scales beyond the climate regime, (up to Milankovitch scales) there is a macroclimate and megaclimate regime. By objectively distinguishing weather from macroweather it answers the question “how long does weather last?”. Dealing with anisotropic scaling systems – notably atmospheric stratification – requires new (non-Euclidean) definitions of the notion of scale itself. These are needed to answer the question “how big is a cloud?”. In anisotropic scaling systems morphologies of structures change systematically with scale even though there is no characteristic size. GSI shows that it is unwarranted to infer dynamical processes or mechanisms from morphology. Two “sticking points” preventing the more widespread acceptance of the scaling paradigm are also discussed. The first is an often implicit phenomenological “scalebounded” thinking that postulates a priori the existence of new mechanisms, processes every factor of two or so in scale. The second obstacle is the reluctance to abandon isotropic theories of turbulence and accept that the atmosphere’s scaling is anisotropic. Indeed there is currently appears to be no empirical evidence that the turbulence in any atmospheric field is isotropic. Most atmospheric scientists rely on General Circulation Models, and these are scaling – they inherited the symmetry from the (scaling) primitive equations upon which they are built. Therefore, the real consequence of ignoring wide range scaling is that it blinds us to alternative scaling approaches to macroweather and climate – especially to new models for long range forecasts and to new scaling approaches to climate projections. Such stochastic alternatives are increasingly needed notably to reduce uncertainties in climate projections to the year 2100.

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Section: Revisiting the Atmosphere With The Help Of Fluctuation Analysismentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Appendix Amentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review Article: Scaling, dynamical regimes and stratification: How long does weather last? How big is a cloud?

Lovejoy

2023

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“…2, thin line, left panels). Within Scenario 1, we increase the seawater δ 18 O V SM OW value to −0.8 to −0 during known glacial intervals to simulate ice volume (6), but this modification is distinctly different than the common hypothesis that seawater δ 18 O V SM OW was as light as −6 during the earliest Phanerozoic and Precambrian We opt to use a -temperature cutoff of ≤75 • C to minimize the contributions from solid state reordering and deep burial diagenesis and maximize the contributions from primary and shallow marine diagentic environments. The portion of overlap (η) between Gaussian kernel density estimates between each scenario (light lines) and ∆ 47 results (bold lines), is shaded (Fig.…”

Section: Assessing Temperature Versus Seawater Oxygen Isotope Evoluti...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous efforts document a protracted increase towards the modern in the oxygen isotopic composition (δ 18 O) of various minerals precipitated from seawater that are preserved in ancient marine sedimentary rocks (e.g. calcite (1,2,6), apatite (6,7), chert (8,9), iron oxides (3)). However, interpretations of this increase in mineral δ 18 O values are inherently equivocal the observed values depend on the temperature of precipitation, the oxygen isotopic composition of water, and post-depositional alteration.…”

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confidence: 99%

Temperature: a key driver of Earth's habitability over the last billion years

Bergmann

Boekelheide

Clarke

et al. 2022

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The habitability and ecology of Earth is fundamentally shaped by surface temperature, but the temperature history of our planet is not easily reconstructed, especially before the evolution of early biomineralizing animals. This work presents a billion-year-long, high-resolution, mineral-specific record of oxygen isotope measurements in shallow marine rocks. Clumped isotope paleothermometry results from four minerals resolves previous ambiguity in seawater oxygen isotope composition and confirms that long-term cooling punctuated by short-lived temperature extremes are dominant components of this record. We consider post-depositional effects by comparing Phanerozoic rock and fossil records, and identify temporal and spatial controls on alteration. Furthermore, this record is suggestive of key differences in dolomite (CaMg(CO3)2) formation processes between the Neoproterozoic (1000-538.8 Ma) and Phanerozoic (538.8-0 Ma), consistent with previous suggestions based on petrographic and sedimentological observations. This record, when viewed alongside the fossil record, suggests temperature change is tightly coupled to extinction and origination in the history of life and carbon cycle perturbations over the last billion years.

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