“…While Markowitz (1955Markowitz ( , 1959 reported observing such periodic variations at the fortnightly and monthly tidal frequencies from observations taken at two photographic zenith tubes, these observations were later thrown into doubt by the error analysis of Fliegel and Hawkins (1967). Today, the high accuracy of the space-geodetic measurement systems allows long-period tidal effects on UT1 and LOD to be unambiguously observed (e.g., Bellanger et al, 2002b;Benjamin et al, 2006;Chao et al, 1995a;Dickman and Nam, 1995;Gross, 2009a;Hefty and Capitaine, 1990;McCarthy and Luzum, 1993;Nam and Dickman, 1990;Ray and Egbert, 2012;Robertson et al, 1994;Schastok et al, 1994;Schuh and Schmitz-Hü bsch, 2000). Today, the high accuracy of the space-geodetic measurement systems allows long-period tidal effects on UT1 and LOD to be unambiguously observed (e.g., Bellanger et al, 2002b;Benjamin et al, 2006;Chao et al, 1995a;Dickman and Nam, 1995;Gross, 2009a;Hefty and Capitaine, 1990;McCarthy and Luzum, 1993;Nam and Dickman, 1990;Ray and Egbert, 2012;Robertson et al, 1994;Schastok et al, 1994;Schuh and Schmitz-Hü bsch, 2000).…”