Ocimum gratissimum: A Review of its Chemical, Pharmacological and Ethnomedicinal Properties

Prabhu, Kirti S.; Lobo, Richard; Shirwaikar, Annie

doi:10.2174/1876391x00901010001

Cited by 131 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Both aromatic species are used as food ingredients and medecinal plants (Selvakkumar et al 2007;Prabhu et al 2009;Bilal et al 2012), so they could be considered harmless to humans. Our results are expected to indicate the potential of Ocimum species as alternative pest biocontrol methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oviposition deterrent activity of basil plants and their essentials oils against Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

Yarou

Bawin

Boullis

et al. 2017

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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The leafminer Tuta absoluta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) is one of the most important pests of tomato, reducing crop yields by up to 100% in greenhouses and fields, in several countries globally. Because synthetic insecticides lead to resistance and have adverse effects on natural enemies and the health of producers, alternative control methods are needed. In this study, we assessed the oviposition-deterring effect of basil plants, Ocimum gratissimum L. and O. basilicum L. (Lamiaceae), using dual-choice behavioural assays performed in flight tunnels. We found that both plants significantly reduced T. absoluta oviposition behaviour on a tomato plant located nearby. To evaluate the potential effect of basil volatile organic compounds, we formulated essential oils of both plant species in paraffin oil, and observed a similar oviposition-deterring effect. Gas chromatography analyses detected 18 constituents in these essential oils which the major constituents included thymol (33.3%), p-cymene (20.4%), γ-terpinene (16.9%), myrcene (3.9%) in O. gratissimum and estragol (73.8%), linalool (8.6%), β-elemene (2.9%) and E-β-ocimene (2.6%) in O. basilicum. Twenty and 33 compounds were identified of the volatiles collected on O. gratissimum and O. basilicum plants, respectively. The main components include the following: p-cymene (33.5%), γ-terpinene (23.6%), α-terpinene (7.2%), α-thujene (6.7%) and E-α-bergamotene (38.9%) in O. gratissimum, and methyl eugenol (26.1%), E-β-ocimene (17.7%), and linalool (9.4%) in O. basilicum. Four compounds (α-pinene, β-pinene, Myrcene, Limonene) were common in essential oils and plants. Our results suggest the valuable potential of basil and associated essential oils as a component of integrated management strategies against the tomato leafminer.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oviposition deterrent activity of basil plants and their essentials oils against Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

Yarou

Bawin

Boullis

et al. 2017

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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“…They are recognized as non-toxic in aromatherapy and safe by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (Franchomme, et al, 2011;Kaloustian and Hadji-minaglou, 2012). Many "in vitro" and "in vivo" studies report a high efficacy of these substances against bacterial infection or food spoilage hence their use in aromatherapy (as alternative or complementary medicine) and food industries (Nelson and Mildenhall, 1967;Nyegue, 2006;Uhart et al, 2006;Kouamé et al, 2008;Prabhu et al, 2009). Due to increase in infant mortality resulting from bacterial induced diarrhea and the recurrent problems of bacterial resistance, the use of EOs could be a good alternative to antibiotics and food preservatives (Wembonyama, 1997;Dupeyron, 1997;OMS, 2010;Fabre, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactivity of Essential Oils From Medicinal Plants of Cameroon and Their Combination Against Infant Diarrhea Induced by Bacteria

Ascension¹,

Florence²,

Florentine³

et al. 2017

Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med

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Background: In Cameroon, one of the most common childhood illnesses after malaria is diarrhea, which generally has a bacterial origin. In rural areas, plant utilization is often one of the first ways of treatment though, with no scientific bases. Therefore, the aim of this work was to evaluate the antibacterial activities of nine essential oils (EOs) of Cameroonian plants and their combinations against some strains responsible for diarrhea. Material and Methods:To determine the bacterial species generally involved in childhood diarrheal infections, a retrospective study was done. The EOs of Eucalyptus globulus, Cymbopogon citratus, Xylopia aethiopica, Thymus vulgaris, Ocimum canum, Cananga odorata, Citrus medica, Citrus paradisi and Citrus reticulata were screened against the most incriminated bacterial species using the spot-on-agar test and microdilution methods. Some of the EOs with good antibacterial activity were analyzed by Gas Chromatography and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry. According to their composition, Thymus vulgaris and Eucalyptus globulus EOs were combined with that of Cymbopogon citratus using the ratios 2/1; 1/1; 1/2 (w/w) and tested against on bacterial growth. Results: The retrospective study showed that 10.8% of infant diarrhea was caused by Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium and Salmonella paratyphimurium. The Minimum inhibition Concentrations (MIC) of single EOs was between 0.78 and 25 mg/mL which were observed to be greater than those of their combinations which ranged between 0.195 and 6.52 mg/mL. The active essential oils contained mainly hydrocarbonated and oxygenated monoterpens. Conclusion: The good antibacterial effects of two Thymus combinations Th 1 and Th 2 observed on Salmonella typhimurium and Salmonella paratyphimurium suggest their used in aromatherapy to cure bacterial diarrhea.

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“…Comprehensive biological activities of O. gratissimum has been reviewed [14] and it is associated with antibacterial, antifungal, hypoglycaemic, antipyretic, anti-nociceptive, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anthelmintic, chemo-preventive, anti-carcinogenic, free radical scavenging, radio protective, antidermatophytic activities, and numerous others pharmacological use . Earlier reports have also shown the smooth muscle contracting and antimutagenic activity [62] as well as its anti-diarrhoeal effects in experimental animals [63], high antiviral indices against HIV-1 and HIV-2 [64]; shigellocidal properties [65,66], anti-trypanosomal effects [67], immunobiologicalactivity [68], gastroprotective properties [69], controlling agent for food spoilage and mycotoxin producing fungi [70], disintegrant properties of its seed mucilage [71], and as a relaxant on isolated ileum from guinea pig [72].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical Constituents and Antimicrobial and Grain Protectant Activities of Clove Basil (Ocimum gratissimum L.) Grown in Nigeria

Mann¹

2012

PLANT

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Ocimum gratissimum Linn (Lamiaceae) is an herbaceous plant reputed for many medicinal and agronomic practices amongst Nigerian peasant farmers. O. gratissimum was investigated for antimicrobial activity against ten micro-organisms and for grain protectant activity against Callosobrochus maculatus. The phytocontituents of the aerial part of O. gratissimum were extracted with 95% ethanol using the percolation method. The crude ethanol extracted was further fractionated into hexane, chloroform and methanol fractions. The fractions obtained were screened for phytoconstiteunts, antimicrobial and grain protectant properties. Result showed that hexane fraction exhibited the highest antimicrobial activity against Vibrio cholera and Klebsiella pneumonia. Similarly hexane fraction also showed the highest grain protectant activity. The other extracts of the O. gratissimum did not significantly inhibit both bacterial growth and grain infestation. However, the methanol fraction contains phytocompounds such as phenolic compounds associated with antioxidant properties. The study shows that O. gratissimum extractants are potential sources of antimicrobial and preservative agents.

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Ocimum gratissimum: A Review of its Chemical, Pharmacological and Ethnomedicinal Properties

Cited by 131 publications

References 56 publications

Oviposition deterrent activity of basil plants and their essentials oils against Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

Oviposition deterrent activity of basil plants and their essentials oils against Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

Bioactivity of Essential Oils From Medicinal Plants of Cameroon and Their Combination Against Infant Diarrhea Induced by Bacteria

Phytochemical Constituents and Antimicrobial and Grain Protectant Activities of Clove Basil (Ocimum gratissimum L.) Grown in Nigeria

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