OCT: New perspectives in neuro-ophthalmology

Rebolleda, Gema; Díez-Álvarez, L.; Casado, Alfonso; Sánchez-Sánchez, Carmen; Dompablo, Elisabet de; González-López, Julio J.; Muñoz‐Negrete, Francisco J.

doi:10.1016/j.sjopt.2014.09.016

Cited by 103 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 105 publications

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“…A reduction in GCC thickness has been associated with several pathologies such as glaucoma [35] or retrograde neural lesions [42] , but there is little knowledge about its relation to AMD, where the outer layers are traditionally studied. This study was important for demonstrating a possible association between decreased GCC and early/ intermediate AMD when compared with a control group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ganglion Cell Complex in Early and Intermediate Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Evidence by SD-OCT Manual Segmentation

Camacho

Dutra-Medeiros²,

Paris³

2017

Ophthalmologica

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Purpose: To evaluate ganglion cell layer (GCL) and ganglion cell complex (GCC) thickness manually by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography in subjects with early and intermediate age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in 12 locations on the horizontal meridian. Methods: A total of 450 eyes (specifically, 246 eyes classified as having early/intermediate AMD plus 204 control eyes) were studied. Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to compare values between the healthy controls and the AMD group and also between the subgroups under study. Diagnostic performance was also compared calculating the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve. Results: The manual layer segmentation showed clear boundaries between the GCL and the GCC. It was in the temporal GCC that more changes were found. Conclusions: The GCC, especially in the temporal region, allowed the discrimination of differences between various subgroups that have faint variations as well as between early AMD and the first signs of aging.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ganglion Cell Complex in Early and Intermediate Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Evidence by SD-OCT Manual Segmentation

Camacho

Dutra-Medeiros²,

Paris³

2017

Ophthalmologica

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“…The characteristic pathophysiological features of inflammation and demyelination lead to axonal and neuronal degeneration that can affect the anterior visual pathway, 103 with 20-50% of MS cases initially presenting with optic neuritis (ON). 104 Parisi et al 105 first investigated patients with MS who had a previous history of ON using OCT. Results showed a 46% reduction in RNFL thickness in eyes affected by ON in comparison with control subjects and a 28% reduction in RNFL in affected eyes when compared with unaffected eyes of the same patient.…”

Section: Ms With Onmentioning

confidence: 99%

How strong is the relationship between glaucoma, the retinal nerve fibre layer, and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease and multiple sclerosis?

Jones-Odeh

Hammond

2015

Eye

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Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disorder with established relationships with ocular structures such as the retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) and the ganglion cell layer (GCL). Ocular imaging techniques such as optical coherence tomography (OCT) allow for quantitative measurement of these structures. OCT has been used in the monitoring of glaucoma, as well as investigating other neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and multiple sclerosis (MS). In this review, we highlight the association between these disorders and ocular structures (RNFL and GCL), examining their usefulness as biomarkers of neurodegeneration. The average RNFL thickness loss in patients with AD is 11 μm, and 7 μm in MS patients. Most of the studies investigating these changes are cross-sectional. Further longitudinal studies are required to assess sensitivity and specificity of these potential ocular biomarkers to neurodegenerative disease progression. Eye (2015Eye ( ) 29, 1270Eye ( -1284 doi:10.1038/eye.2015; published online 4 September 2015 IntroductionGlaucoma is a neurodegenerative optic neuropathy manifesting with progressive retinal ganglion cell (RGC) and axonal loss, which can result in visual field defects and blindness because of permanent cellular and neuronal damage. Subjective clinical examination of the optic nerve head (ONH) allows for assessment and monitoring of the structural changes associated with glaucoma. However, objective detection of defects in the peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) by ophthalmoscopy is difficult. The relationship between glaucoma progression and the structural changes observed at the ONH, RGC layer, and RNFL in glaucoma is well established. [1][2][3][4] Early diagnosis and treatment of glaucoma is vital to maintain visual field, as loss of RGCs is irreversible, 5 and even before any detectable visual field defects, there is a substantial loss of RGCs. Morphological abnormalities can develop 3-5 years before any functional loss is detected. 6 Since the introduction of ocular imaging techniques such as optical coherence tomography (OCT), peripapillary RNFL thickness measurements have been used for the detection and monitoring of glaucoma. 7,8 However, the use of OCT has extended beyond RNFL measurements for glaucoma, and has also been used in the investigation of other neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) 9-11 and multiple sclerosis (MS). [12][13][14] In addition, given the similarities of brain and retinal foetal angiogenesis, 15,16 retinal microvasculature has also been investigated as a biomarker of changes in cerebral vasculature and cognitive decline. [17][18][19] In this review, we examine the relationships between glaucoma, neurodegenerative disease, and cognitive impairment, and the use of RNFL thickness and RGC loss as potential ocular biomarkers for neurodegenerative disorders such as AD and MS. We review the strength of associations between RNFL and RGC and Eye (2015Eye ( ) 29, 1270Eye ( -1284Eye ( © 2015 Macmillan Publis...

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“…[4][5][6] Even though retinotopic mapping investigation has already described the fibre entry order in the optic disc, 7 retinal GCL analyses could provide an equally easy and non-invasive but more precise method for neural degeneration characterization. SD-OCT analysis of the GCL is expanding in the neuro-ophthalmological field, 8 with the study of diseases such as non-arteritic ischaemic optic neuropathy, 9,10 optic neuritis, [11][12][13][14] papilloedema due to idiopathic intracranial hypertension 15 and toxic and nutritional optic neuropathy. 16 The purpose of this study is to evaluate the macular GCL and peripapillary RNFL thickness in patients with unilateral posterior cerebral artery (PCA) ischaemic lesions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macular Ganglion Cell Layer and Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fibre Layer Thickness in Patients with Unilateral Posterior Cerebral Artery Ischaemic Lesion: An Optical Coherence Tomography Study

Anjos

Vieira

Costa

et al. 2016

Neuro-Ophthalmology

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The purpose of this study is to evaluate the macular ganglion cell layer (GCL) and peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness in patients with unilateral posterior cerebral artery (PCA) ischaemic lesions using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). A prospective, case-control study of patients with unilateral PCA lesion was conducted in the neuro-ophthalmology clinic of Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Central. Macular and peripapillary SD-OCT scans were performed in both eyes of each patient. Twelve patients with PCA lesions (stroke group) and 12 healthy normal controls were included in this study. Peripapillary RNFL comparison between both eyes of the same subject in the stroke group found a thinning in the superior-temporal (p = 0.008) and inferior-temporal (p = 0.023) sectors of the ipsilateral eye and nasal sector (p = 0.003) of the contralateral eye. Macular GCL thickness comparison showed a reduction temporally in the ipsilateral eye (p = 0.004) and nasally in the contralateral eye (p = 0.002). Peripapillary RNFL thickness was significantly reduced in both eyes of patients with PCA compared with controls, affecting all sectors in the contralateral eye and predominantly temporal sectors in the ipsilateral eye. A statistically significant decrease in macular GCL thickness was found in both hemiretinas of both eyes of stroke patients when compared with controls (p < 0.05). This study shows that TRD may play a role in the physiopathology of lesions of the posterior visual pathway. ARTICLE HISTORY

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OCT: New perspectives in neuro-ophthalmology

Cited by 103 publications

References 105 publications

Ganglion Cell Complex in Early and Intermediate Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Evidence by SD-OCT Manual Segmentation

Ganglion Cell Complex in Early and Intermediate Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Evidence by SD-OCT Manual Segmentation

How strong is the relationship between glaucoma, the retinal nerve fibre layer, and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease and multiple sclerosis?

Macular Ganglion Cell Layer and Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fibre Layer Thickness in Patients with Unilateral Posterior Cerebral Artery Ischaemic Lesion: An Optical Coherence Tomography Study

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