Octacalcium phosphate/gelatin composite facilitates bone regeneration of critical-sized mandibular defects in rats: A quantitative study

Abstract

Background. Regeneration of bone defects remains a challenge for maxillofacial surgeons. The present study aimed to compare the effects of octacalcium phosphate (OCP) and the combination of octacalcium phosphate/gelatin (OCP/Gel) on mandibular bone regeneration in rats Methods. In the present study, 36 male Sprague-Dawley rats were used. The animals were randomly assigned to the following experimental groups: OCP (n=12), OCP/Gel (n=12), and the control group (n=12). Defects were created in the rat mandibles and filled with 10 mg of OCP and OCP/Gel disks in the experimental groups. In the control group, however, no substance was administered. Samples were taken on days 7, 14, 21 and 56, respectively, after the implantation. Sections (5 µ) were prepared and stained by H&E. The sections were studied, and the volume fraction of newly formed bone was measured by Dunnett's T3 test based on the significance level (P=0.05). Results. In the experimental groups, the new bone formation began from the margin of defects 7‒14 days after the implantation. During the healing process, the newly formed bone healed a larger area of the defects and grew structurally. In the control group, the defects were primarily filled with dense connective tissue, and only a small amount of new bone was formed. The present study showed a statistically significant difference in the volume of newly formed bone between the experimental groups and the control group (P<0.001). Conclusion. OCP/Gel composite can be beneficial in the healing process of mandibular bone defects.

Acceleration of bone formation by octacalcium phosphate composite in a rat tibia critical-sized defect

“…As a bone substitute, calcium phosphate plays an important role in osteoconduction [ 33 ]. In contrast to β-TCP or calcium sulfate, previous studies have focused on OCP owing to its osteoinduction properties with relatively fast biodegradation [ 34 , 35 ]. A proper composite of materials or sintering process with OCP has not been demonstrated in preclinical studies with critical-sized defects in long bones.…”

Assessment of rhBMP-2-loaded bovine hydroxyapatite granules in the guided bone regeneration of critical bone defect in rat mandible bone

“… 3 The defects inflicted did not lead to spontaneous regeneration, and are therefore valid for studying bone neoformation materials and bone substitutes. 7 Furthermore, it is readily reproducible, highly effective, and economical.…”