2017
DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201601370
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Octyl Co‐grafted PrSO3H/SBA‐15: Tunable Hydrophobic Solid Acid Catalysts for Acetic Acid Esterification

Abstract: Propylsulfonic acid (PrSO3H) derivatised solid acid catalysts have been prepared by post‐modification of mesoporous SBA‐15 silica with mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane (MPTMS), and the impact of co‐derivatisation with octyltrimethoxysilane (OTMS) groups to impart hydrophobicity to the catalyst was investigated. Turnover frequencies (TOFs) for acetic acid esterification with methanol increase with PrSO3H surface coverage across both families, suggesting a cooperative effect between adjacent acid sites at high aci… Show more

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Cited by 31 publications
(32 citation statements)
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“…To characterize the interactions of the prepared catalysts with the polar constituents of pyrolysis oils, the free energy of methanol adsorption (-ΔGadsSPnormalMnormalenormalOnormalH) and surface energies were determined by using inverse gas chromatography (IGC) for the Ni 2 P/SiO 2 ‐TEOS, Ni 2 P/SiO 2 ‐20BTSB, and Ni 2 P/SiO 2 ‐50MTES catalysts (Table ). IGC is a powerful technique to determine the surface properties associated with catalytic materials (details given in the Experimental Section) and it gives information on physical (dispersive) and chemical (specific/polar) interactions through the adsorption of alkanes and polar probe molecules, respectively . Dispersive surface energy provides insight into the surface hydrophobicity: the higher the value of dispersive surface energy, higher the hydrophobic character .…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…To characterize the interactions of the prepared catalysts with the polar constituents of pyrolysis oils, the free energy of methanol adsorption (-ΔGadsSPnormalMnormalenormalOnormalH) and surface energies were determined by using inverse gas chromatography (IGC) for the Ni 2 P/SiO 2 ‐TEOS, Ni 2 P/SiO 2 ‐20BTSB, and Ni 2 P/SiO 2 ‐50MTES catalysts (Table ). IGC is a powerful technique to determine the surface properties associated with catalytic materials (details given in the Experimental Section) and it gives information on physical (dispersive) and chemical (specific/polar) interactions through the adsorption of alkanes and polar probe molecules, respectively . Dispersive surface energy provides insight into the surface hydrophobicity: the higher the value of dispersive surface energy, higher the hydrophobic character .…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…With higher dispersive surface energy, Ni 2 P/SiO 2 ‐20BTSB possesses the most hydrophobic character among the three catalysts. The literature validates dispersive surface energy as a measure of hydrophobicity of materials, with carbon samples with more hydrophobic character possessing high dispersive surface energy >150 mJ m −2 , whereas hydrophilic silica and cellulose exhibit lower values of approximately 50 mJ m −2 and 40 mJ m −2 , respectively. Hence, Ni 2 P/SiO 2 ‐20BTSB, which exhibits dispersive surface energy of 80 mJ m −2 , should be more hydrophobic than Ni 2 P/SiO 2 ‐TEOS (47 mJ m −2 ) and Ni 2 P/SiO 2 ‐50MTES (50 mJ m −2 ).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Hydrophobic octyl chains were introduced on PrSO3H/SBA‐15 to improve the water tolerance and evaluated in the stoichiometric acetic acid and methanol esterification. Under these conditions 40% of ester was formed after 24 h . The group of Fraile investigated the water tolerance of sulfonated hydrothermal carbon (SHTC) in the esterification of methanol and palmitic acid (methanol:palmitic acid molar ratio of 10:1, solvent free), increasing the amounts of water added up to water:palmitic acid molar ratio of 1:1.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%