Ocular and Periocular Injuries from Orbital Fractures

Cook, Todd

doi:10.1016/s1072-7515(02)01479-5

Cited by 63 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…They can often be caused by direct impact from an object of a relatively small-cross sectional area on a specific part of the rim. Serious ocular injury has been shown to occur, but there is conflict about the rate of occurrence and location (Cook, 2002). Although anterior cranial fossa fractures are less frequent than those of the middle fossa, they can lead to serious cranial nerve injuries since they cross the foramina of the cranial nerves (Heine et al, 1990;Kinnunen and Aitasalo, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a study by Cook (2002), three hundred and sixty-five trauma patients with orbital fractures were evaluated. The author claimed that the majority of patients with orbital fractures (74%) did not have associated ocular or periocular injuries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Proper management is essential to prevent aesthetic and functional deficits (Cook, 2002). The treatment of these injuries requires consultation with ophthalmic, neurosurgical, plastic and maxillofacial surgeons (Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Ocular and periocular injuries associated with an isolated orbital fracture depending on a blunt cranial trauma: Anatomical and surgical aspects

Karabekir¹,

Göçmen-Mas²,

Emel³

et al. 2012

Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Ocular and periocular injuries associated with an isolated orbital fracture depending on a blunt cranial trauma: Anatomical and surgical aspects

Karabekir¹,

Göçmen-Mas²,

Emel³

et al. 2012

Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery

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“…Although the ophthalmologist may assist in making the diagnosis of (Fig. 10), there is little evidence that any intervention by the ophthalmologist will change the visual outcomes in case of optic nerve avulsion [32].…”

Section: Percentagementioning

confidence: 99%

Ophthalmological Evaluation by a Maxillofacial Surgeon and an Ophthalmologist in Assessing the Damage to the Orbital Contents in Midfacial Fractures: A Prospective Study

Patil¹,

Kotwal²,

Joshi³

et al. 2015

J. Maxillofac. Oral Surg.

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Background and purpose Midfacial fractures may often be associated with injuries to the orbit which may lead to notable dysfunction of the visual apparatus, if not detected early after injury. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the associated ophthalmic injuries in mid-face trauma and to emphasize the need for understanding the ophthalmic signs and symptoms by an attending maxillofacial surgeon. Patients and methods A total number of 60 clinically and radiographically proven subjects with midfacial fractures were considered in the study that underwent complete ophthalmological evaluation at initial presentation. Referral to ophthalmologist was considered to determine the exact nature of injury and its implications. Results by a maxillofacial surgeon and ophthalmologist were evaluated. Results In our study, a male predominance with a mean age of 32 years was observed, with the most common etiology being Road Traffic Accidents. Forty-two of the 60 patients exhibited sub-conjunctival hemorrhage accounting for 70 % of ocular injuries recorded. While 28 of the 60 patients displayed peri-orbital edema (53.3 %), 8 patients experienced diplopia (13.32 %) and 8 patients showed relative afferent pupillary defect (13.32 %). Conclusion From our study, it becomes imperative that the maxillofacial surgeon should have a thorough knowledge of the various ophthalmic injuries that could occur in association with midfacial trauma in order to prevent visual complications to the patient. Understanding of the subtle injuries to the ocular apparatus which may be undiagnosed by a maxillofacial surgeon but have significant grave outcomes is essential.

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“…A loss of vision in midface fractures occurs in 15-20% of all severe midface injuries (Jabaley 1975;Holt and Holt 1983;Al-Qurainy IA et al 1991 a, b, c;Dutton and Al-Qurainy 1991;Brown et al 1999;Poon et al 1999;Cook 2002;Manolidis et al 2002;Soparkar 2005). Injury to the optic nerve most frequently occurs in central fronto-naso-ethmoidal fractures due to fractures along the lesser wing of the sphenoid and seldomly in complex lateral midface fractures with fractures of the greater wing of the sphenoid (Ketchum et al 1976;Kretschmer 1978;Hardt and Steinhaeuser 1979;Chilla 1981;Bleeker and Los 1982;Lipkin et al 1987;Fonseca and Walker 1991;Vitte et al 1993;Lädrach et al 1999;Soparkar 2005;Stewart 2005).…”

Section: Loss Of Vision In Midface Fracturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Craniofacial Fracture Symptoms

Hardt¹,

Kuttenberger²

2010

Craniofacial Trauma

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Apart from the classical midface fracture signs, there are certain (direct) and uncertain (indirect) clinical symptoms indicating additional skull base fractures. Liquorrhea, clinically visible bony prolaps, dislocated bony fragments and intracranial air (CCT) or dislocated skull base fragments (CCT) indicate skull base fractures with dural laceration (Hausamen and Schmelzeisen 1996;Messerklinger and Naumann 1995;Joss et al. 2001).

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Ocular and Periocular Injuries from Orbital Fractures

Cited by 63 publications

References 17 publications

Ocular and periocular injuries associated with an isolated orbital fracture depending on a blunt cranial trauma: Anatomical and surgical aspects

Ocular and periocular injuries associated with an isolated orbital fracture depending on a blunt cranial trauma: Anatomical and surgical aspects

Ophthalmological Evaluation by a Maxillofacial Surgeon and an Ophthalmologist in Assessing the Damage to the Orbital Contents in Midfacial Fractures: A Prospective Study

Craniofacial Fracture Symptoms

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