Ocular dermoids in dogs: A retrospective study

Abstract

Objective To describe clinical features of dogs diagnosed with ocular dermoids at two veterinary teaching hospitals. Animals studied Retrospective case series of 44 dogs (49 dermoids) with ocular dermoids. Procedures Medical records of dogs evaluated by the Cornell University and University of Pennsylvania ophthalmology services were evaluated to identify dogs with a clinical diagnosis of ocular dermoids between 2004 and 2018, and 2011 and 2018, respectively. Signalment, historical, and clinical details were recorded, including dermoid location, concurrent diseases, treatment, histopathologic findings, and outcome. Results A total of 49 ocular dermoids, involving 47 eyes, were diagnosed in 44 dogs. The mean ( standard deviation) age of the study population at the time of diagnosis was 1.19 years (1.85 years). Of the 44 dogs evaluated, 28 (63.6%) were male and 30 (68.2%) were intact at time of diagnosis. Twenty‐two different breeds were represented in the study, with mixed breed, French Bulldog, and Shih Tzu being the most common. Twenty‐two dermoids were categorized as limbal (44.9%), 14 as eyelid (28.6%), eight as corneal (16.3%), and five as conjunctival (10.2%). Concurrent ocular findings were noted in 29 of the 47 eyes (61.7%), including corneal pigmentation, epiphora, and conjunctival hyperemia. Nine dogs (20.5%) suffered from concurrent systemic disease, with the majority being cardiac in origin. A total of 34 dermoids (69.4%) were surgically excised with no recurrences. Conclusions Ocular dermoids are an uncommon condition in dogs. Concurrent congenital cardiac disease was relatively common in the dogs of this study. Surgical excision of dermoids was curative.

Congenital ocular malformations in dogs and cats: 123 cases

“…Further studies are required to determine whether ocular dermoids in French Bulldogs have an hereditary nature or this result is biased due to the popularity of this breed in our country. The majority of ocular dermoids observed in this study were conjunctival, whereas corneal and limbal were the most common locations of ocular dermoids in previous reports 89,90 . None of the locations seems to be associated with a higher incidence of secondary ocular lesions, with nonpigmented keratitis being the most frequently identified complication in our study group.…”

“…Concurrent congenital ocular malformations have been identified in previous studies, such as persistent pupillary membranes 89–91 . Nevertheless, in this study, all ocular dermoids were observed as a solo abnormality.…”

Surgical treatment of limbal dermoid: Reports of cases

“…Podem se desenvolver em vários locais, incluindo pálpebras, conjuntiva, córnea e membrana nictitante (Badanes & Ledbetter, 2019). Os cães relatados apresentaram o dermóide na região do limbo temporal, com extensões para a córnea e conjuntiva, corroborando com os locais mais observados em cães (Badanes & Ledbetter, 2019;Erdikmen et al, 2013).…”

“…Podem manifestar clinicamente pelas massas localizadas semelhantes a pele e presença de pêlos. Embora sejam uma condição presente no nascimento do animal, os dermóides muitas vezes são reportados, quando desenvolvem o suficiente para serem visualizados ou quando complicações secundárias se tornam aparentes (Badanes & Ledbetter, 2019).…”

Ocular dermoids in 13 cats: a multicentre retrospective study

“…However, this has been reported in three dogs. 7,8,21 The link between ocular dermoids and persistent pupillary membranes remains unclear, and the presence of both was probably a coincidental finding.…”