Ocular manifestation, eye protection, and COVID-19

Mungmunpuntipantip, Rujittika; Wiwanitkit, Viroj

doi:10.1007/s00417-020-04662-3

Cited by 41 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Mungmungpuntipantip and Wiwanitkit in their letter to editor did not report any ocular manifestation among the 48 patients met in their practice. However, no conjunctival swab has been sampled and analysed [34].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coronavirus disease 2019 (SARS-CoV-2) and colonization of ocular tissues and secretions: a systematic review

Aiello

Afflitto

Mancino

et al. 2020

Eye

100

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Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) has been described to potentially be complicated by ocular involvement. However, scant information is available regarding severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and ocular structures tropism. We conducted a systematic review of articles referenced in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Chinese Clinical Trial Register (ChiCTR) from December 20, 2019 to April 6, 2020, providing information on the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in cornea, conjunctiva, lacrimal sac, and tears. We excluded ongoing clinical studies as for unobtainable conclusive results. Of 2422 articles, 11 met the inclusion criteria for analysis and were included in the study. None of the studies were multinational. Among the 11 selected papers there were three original articles, one review, four letters, two editorials, and one correspondence letter. Globally, 252 SARS-CoV-2 infected patients were included in our review. The prevalence of ocular conjunctivitis complicating the course of COVID-19 was demonstrated to be as high as 32% in one study only. Globally, three patients had conjunctivitis with a positive tear-PCR, 8 patients had positive tear-PCR in the absence of conjunctivitis, and 14 had conjunctivitis with negative tear-PCR. The majority of the available data regarding SARS-CoV-2 colonization of ocular and periocular tissues and secretions have to be considered controversial. However, it cannot be excluded that SARS-CoV-2 could both infect the eye and the surrounding structures. SARS-CoV-2 may use ocular structure as an additional transmission route, as demonstrated by the COVID-19 patients' conjunctival secretion and tears positivity to reverse transcriptase-PCR SARS-CoV-2-RNA assay.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coronavirus disease 2019 (SARS-CoV-2) and colonization of ocular tissues and secretions: a systematic review

Aiello

Afflitto

Mancino

et al. 2020

Eye

100

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“…Several authors have published recommendations on the use of protective eye gear to avoid potential transmission of the disease. These recommendations include strategies to prevent transmission of the disease among ophthalmologists and contact lens practitioners, and from aerosols generated from ocular procedures such as cataract surgery and non-contact tonometry [35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42]. The data from eight studies included in the pooled analysis revealed a significant proportion of various ocular features, specifically ocular pain, redness, discharge and follicular https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0241661.g004…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular surface manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2020

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Purpose This study was performed to determine the occurrence of ocular surface manifestations in patients diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Methods A systematic search of electronic databases i.e. PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, OVID and Google scholar was performed using a comprehensive search strategy. The searches were current through 31st May 2020. Pooled data from cross-sectional studies was used for meta-analysis and a narrative synthesis was conducted for studies where a meta-analysis was not feasible. Results A total of 16 studies reporting 2347 confirmed COVID-19 cases were included. Pooled data showed that 11.64% of COVID-19 patients had ocular surface manifestations. Ocular pain (31.2%), discharge (19.2%), redness (10.8%), and follicular conjunctivitis (7.7%) were the main features. 6.9% patients with ocular manifestations had severe pneumonia. Viral RNA was detected from the ocular specimens in 3.5% patients. Conclusion The most common reported ocular presentations of COVID-19 included ocular pain, redness, discharge, and follicular conjunctivitis. A small proportion of patients had viral RNA in their conjunctival/tear samples. The available studies show significant publication bias and heterogeneity. Prospective studies with methodical collection and data reporting are needed for evaluation of ocular involvement in COVID-19.

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“…Despite the growing body of knowledge about various clinical presentations and fatal consequences of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID- 19), reports regarding ocular manifestations are uncommon. 4,5 Virus replication starts after binding to epithelial cells in the upper respiratory tract with subsequent propagation and migration down the respiratory tract triggering the innate immune response. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) 2 has been identified as the main receptor for SARS-CoV2 6 and its receptors are present in cell membranes of type II alveolar cells in the lung and enterocytes of the small intestine, and also in the arterial and venous endothelial cells and arterial smooth muscle cells of most organs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical coherence tomography angiography analysis of the retina in patients recovered from COVID-19: a case-control study

Abrishami

Emamverdian

Shoeibi

et al. 2021

Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology

131

133

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Objective To quantify the density of the macular microvasculature and the area of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) in patients recovered from Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) analysis. Methods In a comparative cross-sectional, observational study, patients recovered from COVID-19 were included in this study. All included subjects exhibited a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) - confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19. Spectral domain macular OCTA was performed at least 2 weeks after recovery from systemic COVID-19. Vessel density (VD) of the superficial (SCP) and deep retinal capillary plexus (DCP) and the area of the FAZ were measured in COVID-19 recovered patients versus age-matched normal controls. Results Thirty-one recovered COVID-19 patients and 23 healthy normal controls were studied. Mean quality scan index was 7.64±0.66 in the COVID cases and 8.34±0.71 in the normal controls (p=0.001). Mean SCP VD and DCP VD of the COVID cohort was significantly lower than the SCP VD and DCP VD of the control group in the foveal and parafoveal regions. FAZ area was greater in the COVID cohort, but this difference was not statistically significant. In addition, in the COVID cohort, VD of the SCP and DCP were lower in patients with a history of COVID-19 hospitalization versus those without such a history but this did not reach statistical significance. Conclusion Patients recovered from COVID-19 displayed alterations in the retinal microvasculature including a significantly lower VD in the SCP and DCP. Patients with coronavirus infection may be at risk of retinal vascular complications.

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Ocular manifestation, eye protection, and COVID-19

Cited by 41 publications

References 2 publications

Coronavirus disease 2019 (SARS-CoV-2) and colonization of ocular tissues and secretions: a systematic review

Coronavirus disease 2019 (SARS-CoV-2) and colonization of ocular tissues and secretions: a systematic review

Ocular surface manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A systematic review and meta-analysis

Optical coherence tomography angiography analysis of the retina in patients recovered from COVID-19: a case-control study

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