Ocular motility disturbances after surgery for retinal detachment

Strabismus following retinal detachment repair: a comparison between scleral buckling and vitrectomy procedures

“…6,8,9 Regression analysis of our patients has not, however, shown an association between these variables and magnitude of strabismus.…”

“…Macula off RD and reduced postoperative visual acuity (VA) are associated with poorer outcomes for binocular vision. 9 Some authors have advocated pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) as an alternative surgical option in selected RD patients, partly given the incidence of post-operative strabismus after SB procedures. 7 Conflicting reports show that PPV has either no effect on motility or a similar effect to external buckling.…”

Effect of scleral buckle removal on strabismus surgery outcomes after retinal detachment repair

“…[3][4][5] . Strabismus following a scleral buckling procedure may occur on a sensory basis, 6 from peribulbar anesthesia myotoxicity 7 or mechanical factors related to the implantation of a scleral buckle. These mechanical factors may arise secondary to direct muscle injury, [3][4][5]8 adhesions between muscle, sclera, and fat, 9,10 the bulk effect of scleral buckling elements beneath extraocular muscles, 3,5 or the redirection of muscle force vectors either directly or indirectly by the buckle.…”

The effect of scleral exoplant removal on strabismus following retinal detachment repair

“…7 Orbital scarring and mass effect of the exoplant are the usual explanations for the development of strabismus, but other potential factors may include local anesthetic toxicity 8 or sensory disturbance. 1 Rates of permanent long-term diplopia following retinal detachment repair vary from 5% to 25%. 3,4,9,10 These patients can be difficult to treat; 1 study reported that only 47% of patients regained binocularity following treatment.…”

“…3,4,9,10 These patients can be difficult to treat; 1 study reported that only 47% of patients regained binocularity following treatment. 1 Spontaneous improvement can occur in patients with good visual acuity over a period of 6 months. 2 Poor postoperative vision has been associated with altered ocular motility following retinal detachment repair, as have an increasing number of vitreoretinal procedures.…”