Ocular sebaceous gland carcinoma: an update of the literature

Cicinelli, Maria Vittoria; Kaliki, Swathi

doi:10.1007/s10792-018-0925-z

Cited by 45 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 116 publications

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“…As previously reported [3], SGC generally occurs in older individuals, with those aged 46-75 years being in the highincidence group. ese results are consistent with those of another study that reported SGC of the eyelid arising in the sixth or seventh decade of life (57-72 years) [2]. However, SGC can also occur in older children and young adults [20].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…On the other hand, females (52.3%) were more likely to be affected by the disease than males (the female : male ratio was 1 : 0.9), which is in agreement with another study that showed a female preponderance for SGC, with the female : male ratio at 1.4 : 1 [2]. In reality, though, there was no correlation between positive EBER staining and age and gender after Pearson's χ 2 and Fisher's exact tests were carried out.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Sebaceous gland carcinoma (SGC) of the eyelid is the second most common malignant tumor among all eyelid malignancies after basal cell carcinoma (BCC). It arises from the eyelashes (i.e., glands of Zeis) or the tarsal plate (i.e., meibomian glands) and usually occurs in females older than 50 years of age [1,2]. Previous studies have defined the risk factors for SGC of the eyelid to be pathogenically related and to include exposure to irradiation, immunosuppression, and the use of diuretics [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detection of Epstein-Barr Virus in 130 Cases of Eyelid Sebaceous Gland Carcinoma Using In Situ Hybridization

Gao

Tang

Lin

et al. 2020

Journal of Ophthalmology

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Purpose. In this study, we aimed to investigate the presence of Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) in the eyelid sebaceous gland carcinoma (SGC) and its association with the clinicopathologic features. Methods. One hundred and thirty paraffin-embedded SGC specimens were retrieved from the Clinical Pathology Department of Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center. Epstein–Barr virus-encoded RNA (EBER) was detected with in situ hybridization (ISH) using the Leica BOND system autostainer. The age and gender distributions of all patients were analyzed and compared with earlier reports. Pearson’s χ2 and Fisher’s exact tests were used to determine the association between clinicopathological features such as age, gender, laterality eye, tumor basal dimension, degree of tumor differentiation, and EBER positivity. Likewise, the relationship between the grade and tumor basal dimension in EBER-positive SGC of the eyelid was analyzed. Results. Thirty-four out of one hundred and thirty (26.2%) eyelid SGC specimens were positively stained for EBER. The age range of highest incidence was 46–75 years, and the female to male ratio was 1 : 0.9. No significant correlation was found between EBER-positivity and age (p=0.5370), gender (p=0.4758), and degree of tumor differentiation (p=0.7787). However, EBV positivity was strongly correlated with the right eye (p=0.0287), the tumor basal dimension (p=0.0001). EBV positivity grade presented statistically associated with tumor size (p=0.0329). Conclusion. We conclude that ISH is a sensitive method to identify EBV in SGC of the eyelid. A possible causal association of EBV in SGC patients is suggested by high frequency of EBER-ISH positivity and its association with the clinicopathologic features.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Detection of Epstein-Barr Virus in 130 Cases of Eyelid Sebaceous Gland Carcinoma Using In Situ Hybridization

Gao

Tang

Lin

et al. 2020

Journal of Ophthalmology

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“…Full-thickness eyelid tumor resection with posterior lamellar is the golden standard and superior to non posterior lamellar resection [25,26]. Mohs surgery has been recommended as treatment of sebaceous carcinoma with excellent results with 11% recurrence rate for primary tumours [27][28][29][30][31].…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2) [24] Treatment Primary treatment method Surgery with posterior lamellar resection. [25,26] Clinical margin At least 4-5 mm. 3) [6,10,13,[38][39][40][41][42][43] Method of surgery Multi-stage resection with delayed closure, frozen sections or Mohs surgery are recommended to verify tumour-free margins.…”

Section: Follow-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nordic treatment practices survey and consensus for treatment of eyelid sebaceous carcinoma

et al. 2020

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Background: The purpose was to describe the Nordic treatment practices and to reach a Nordic consensus for the treatment of sebaceous eyelid carcinoma. Methods: The treatment practices data was collected by a questionnaire with 37 questions to the Nordic oculoplastic surgeons and analyzed. A PubMed MEDLINE database search was done to gather data on the published treatment practices and recommendations. A working group that consisted of in minimum one senior consultant from each leading Nordic University Eye Hospital was assigned. A structured interactive method was used to establish the consensus. Results: Twenty-four doctors responded to the questionnaire. 23/24 (96%) of the respondents took a biopsy before surgery. Regional lymph node scanning was routinely done by 14/23 (61%) and a systemic screening of a metastatic disease by 13/23 (57%). 6/22 (27%) never took conjunctival mapping biopsies and 12/23 (52%) never screened for Muir-Torre. Respondents used Mohs surgery, frozen section or multi-stage excision with delayed closure, and 5-6 mm was the mostly preferred margin. Sentinel lymph node biopsy was a possible option for 9/22 (41%) and cryotherapy and Mitomycin C for 6/22 (27%) respondents. 50% of respondents considered radiation as a treatment option. 15/16 (94%) respondents always followed-up their patients, most for 5 years. Two thirds scanned regional lymph nodes during the follow-up. Consensus was reached for 18 statements representing three domains: preoperative work-up, treatment and follow-up. Conclusion: Treatment practices differ in between the five Nordic countries which have similar public health care systems. In the article the authors present a Nordic consensus for the treatment of eyelid sebaceous carcinoma.

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Development and validation of a nomogram to predict the recurrence of eyelid sebaceous gland carcinoma

Nie

Geng

et al. 2023

Cancer Medicine

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PurposeEyelid sebaceous gland carcinoma (SGC) is a malignancy with fatal risk, high recurrence rate, and pagetoid spread. Thus, recurrence risk prediction and prompt treatment are extremely important. This study aimed to develop a nomogram to predict SGC recurrence based on potential risk factors.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study to train and test a nomogram based on the clinical data of 391 patients across our hospital (304) and other grass‐roots hospitals (87). After Cox regression, predictors included in the nomogram were selected, and sensitivity, specificity, concordance index (C‐index), etc., were calculated to test their discrimination ability.ResultsAfter a median follow‐up period of 4.12 years, SGC recurred in 52 (17.11%) patients. The 1‐, 2‐, and 5‐year recurrence‐free survival rates were 88.3%, 85.4%, and 81.6%, respectively. We examined five risk factors, such as lymph node metastasis at initial diagnosis (hazard ratio [HR], 2.260; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.021–5.007), Ki67 (HR, 1.036; 95% CI, 1.020–1.052), histology differentiation degree (HR, 2.274; 95% CI, 1.063–4.865), conjunctival pagetoid infiltration (HR, 2.100; 95% CI, 1.0058–4.167), and orbital involvement (HR, 4.764; 95% CI, 1.436–15.803). The model had good discrimination in both internal and external test sets. The model had good discrimination in both internal and external test sets. The sensitivity of the internal test and external test set were 0.722 and 0.806, respectively, and specificity of the internal test and external test set were 0.886 and 0.893, respectively.ConclusionWe examined the potential risk factors for eyelid SGC recurrence and constructed a nomogram, which complements the TNM system in terms of prediction, indicating that our nomogram has the potential to reach clinical significance. This nomogram has the potential to assist healthcare practitioners in promptly detecting patients who are at an elevated risk and in tailoring clinical interventions to meet their individualized needs.

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Ocular sebaceous gland carcinoma: an update of the literature

Cited by 45 publications

References 116 publications

Detection of Epstein-Barr Virus in 130 Cases of Eyelid Sebaceous Gland Carcinoma Using In Situ Hybridization

Detection of Epstein-Barr Virus in 130 Cases of Eyelid Sebaceous Gland Carcinoma Using In Situ Hybridization

Nordic treatment practices survey and consensus for treatment of eyelid sebaceous carcinoma

Development and validation of a nomogram to predict the recurrence of eyelid sebaceous gland carcinoma

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