Ocular Surface Disorders in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Khetwani, Dhwanit; Karambelkar, V. H.; Gadre, Girish

doi:10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.3.41

Cited by 2 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Schiffman et al [ 24 ] evaluated the usefulness of the OSDI scoring system in 109 participants with dry eyes and 30 healthy participants, and conclude this questionnaire is a valid and reliable instrument for calculating the severity of dry eye disease. Khetwani et al [ 13 ] and Zhang et al [ 25 ] observed similar results. A study conducted by Kalaivani et al [ 26 ] in 2017 in Puducherry, India among 191 patients with DM showed the prevalence of dry eye was 51.8%.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

“…A similar observation was reported by He et al [ 19 ], Yoon et al [ 20 ], and Manaviat et al [ 6 ]. The duration of DM was significantly associated with dry eyes (P = 0.01) according to Khetwani et al [ 13 ] with statistical significance (P = 0.04). Nasar et al [ 21 ] similarly observed a significant association of dry eyes with poor glycemic control (P < 0.001) and with a longer duration of DM (P < 0.05) in a study conducted in Tamil Nadu, India.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…This study focused to find a positive correlation between ocular surface disorders and DM. Khetwani et al reported that 148 of their 182 patients were aged >50 years [ 13 ]. Similarly, Sarkar et al reported the mean age of patients was 54 ± 10.06 years with 43% aged between 40 and 50 years [ 14 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Acharlu et al demonstrated that the mean age of patients with DM was 55.06 ± 9.70 (range 40-75) years [ 15 ]. Khetwani et al [ 13 ] categorized their patients into multiple groups as per the duration of DM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ocular Surface Diseases in Patients With Diabetes

Naik¹,

Magdum²,

Ahuja³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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Purpose Diabetes is a major cause of ocular morbidity as multiple mechanisms play a role in inducing inflammatory changes in the eye. Diabetic retinopathy is the most common complication and is well-documented. However, in the era of modern medicine, attention is also being focused on ocular surface changes in diabetes. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the association between diabetes and ocular surface diseases. Materials and Methods This is a cross-sectional study examining 320 eyes of 160 patients with diabetes who were grouped according to their duration of diabetes. The symptoms were evaluated using the ocular surface disease index (OSDI) questionnaire. Their recent hemoglobin (Hb) A1c value was recorded. Their external or internal hordeolum, blepharitis, meibomian gland dysfunction, and corneal sensitivity were also evaluated. The tear film was examined using tests, such as Schirmer's test, tear film breakup time (TBUT), tear film meniscus height (TFMH), fluorescein stain, and rose bengal stain. The results were correlated with the duration and control of diabetes. Results The mean age of the study population was 56.60 years comprising 56% (n=89) females and 44% (n=71) males. The mean OSDI scores were 7.9 ± 3.55 and 57 ± 19.22 in patients without dry eye and with severe dry eye, respectively. The study observed OSDI scores were consistently high with diabetes severity. About 67% (n=24) of patients with HbA1c of >8% had dry eyes. Dry eye was found in 68% (n=59) of patients with the duration of diabetes being >10 years. About 23.7% (n=38) had blepharitis, whereas only 4% (n=7) had external or internal hordeolum and 44% (n=86) had different grades of meibomian gland dysfunction. Corneal sensitivity was abnormal in only 12% (n=12) of patients. About 55% (n=86) of patients had varying degrees of dry eye. A statistically significant correlation was found between the severity of dry eye and TBUT, TFMH values, and grades of corneal staining (P < 0.0001). Conclusion This study observed that the incidence of dry eyes was found to be higher when patients had uncontrolled diabetes and diabetes for a longer period. The OSDI scoring system is an important diagnostic tool while examining patients with dry eye. In an ophthalmology clinic, patients with diabetes should always be evaluated for any ocular surface changes when being screened for diabetic retinopathy, and proper guidelines should be implemented to detect changes in the ocular surface system as early as possible so that any long-term complications such as infectious or neurotrophic keratitis may be avoided at an early stage.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Ocular Surface Diseases in Patients With Diabetes

Naik¹,

Magdum²,

Ahuja³

et al. 2022

Cureus

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Reports showed that older age, 5 female sex, 6 poor glycemic control, [15][16][17][18][19][20][21] long duration of diabetes, 5,6,15,[20][21][22][23] peripheral diabetic neuropathy, 5,24 use of artificial tears, 25 diabetic retinopathy, 15,23,24,26,27 and a history of cataract surgery 5 were significantly associated with dry eye disease in diabetic patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Symptomatic Dry Eye Disease and Associated Factors Among Adult Diabetic Patients in Adare General Hospital, Hawassa City, Southern Ethiopia, 2023

Bekele,

Alimaw,

Tegegn

2023

OPTH

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Symptomatic dry eye disease is a multifactorial ocular surface condition caused by disruption of the precorneal tear film and is a common clinical finding in diabetic patients. However, there was no study on the prevalence and associated factors of symptomatic dry eye disease among diabetic patients in Ethiopia or in the study area.Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of symptomatic dry eye disease among adult diabetic patients in Adare General Hospital, Hawassa City, Southern Ethiopia, in 2023. Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study design was conducted on 493 adult diabetic patients who were selected using systematic random sampling, from April 23 to June 8, 2023. Data were collected through a face-to-face interview using an ocular surface disease index questionnaire. Binary logistic regression was performed to identify factors potentially associated with symptomatic dry eye disease. Variable with a P value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 488 subjects participated in this study with a response rate of 99%. The prevalence of symptomatic dry eye disease was 34.

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Ocular Surface Disorders in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Cited by 2 publications

References 9 publications

Ocular Surface Diseases in Patients With Diabetes

Ocular Surface Diseases in Patients With Diabetes

Symptomatic Dry Eye Disease and Associated Factors Among Adult Diabetic Patients in Adare General Hospital, Hawassa City, Southern Ethiopia, 2023

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