Ocular Trauma From Toy Guns With Foam Projectiles in 4 Children

Yang, Unikora; Greer, Christine; Kim, Jonathan; Nagiel, Aaron

doi:10.1177/0009922819884573

Cited by 7 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…4 Corneal blood staining occurs in up to 5% of traumatic hyphema cases and involves stromal red blood cell debris causing permanent and irreversible pigmentation, which can lead to amblyopia in young pediatric patients. 3,5,6 In our case series, three patients (27%) experienced corneal abrasions that resolved without sequelae within days and nine patients (82%) had hyphema, of which three (33%) developed increased IOP during follow-up.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…Nerf guns can produce variable injuries to the anterior segment (area between the iris and cornea) including corneal abrasion (epithelial defect), corneal edema, and hyphema (a collection of blood between the cornea and iris). 2,3 Corneal abrasion and traumatic corneal edema may be painful and can cause temporarily decreased vision but are relatively benign, self-limiting injuries. In contrast, traumatic hyphema can lead to glaucoma and corneal blood staining in a delayed fashion, both of which may lead to permanent vision loss.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 These toy guns have gained popularity in recent years among children and adolescents, with an increase in associated injuries. [1][2][3] Although Nerf guns are perceived as safer than toy guns that re projectiles at higher velocities (e.g. airsoft guns), these toys may still lead to severe ocular injury and complications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…airsoft guns), these toys may still lead to severe ocular injury and complications. 2,3 Compared to airsoft guns, data regarding traumatic ocular injury due to Nerf guns are limited. Therefore, it is important to characterize the injuries caused by these toys for both healthcare providers and the public.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ocular Injury from Nerf Toy Gun (Foam Dart Blasters): A Case Series

Cohen

Shiuey

Zur

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Purpose: To report clinical outcomes following ocular injury from Nerf guns - a spring-loaded toy guns that fire foam-coated darts or bullets at a relatively low velocity. These guns gained popularity in recent years among children and adolescents. Methods: Eleven patients with ocular injuries from Nerf guns were included in this retrospective, single-center study. Visual acuity (VA), intraocular pressure (IOP), and anterior segment, glaucoma-related, and vitreoretinal complications were recorded at each visit.Results: The average age at presentation was 13.4 years and 82% were male. Mean initial VA was 6/12 (range 6/6 – 1/18); On initial examination, nine patients (82%) had hyphema, three (27%) had corneal abrasions, three (27%) had vitreous hemorrhage, and two (18%) had traumatic mydriasis. Four patients (36%) experienced glaucoma-related complications, including three (27%) with angle recession and three (27%) with increased IOP. Three patients (27%) were diagnosed with posterior segment injuries, including three (27%) with commotio retinae and one (9%) with severe retinal photoreceptor damage. No patients required surgical intervention. Conclusion: Foam dart blasters (i.e. Nerf guns) can cause severe blunt ocular trauma and permanent visual loss, illustrating the need for eye protection when handling these toys.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ocular Injury from Nerf Toy Gun (Foam Dart Blasters): A Case Series

Cohen

Shiuey

Zur

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…Dabei muss bedacht werden, dass sich diese Spielzeuge an eine noch jüngere Zielgruppe richten als Softair-Pistolen. Neben Hyphämata wird u. a. auch von Entzündungen und Ödemen der Cornea und schwerwiegenden Schädigungen der Retina berichtet [8][9][10]. In den bisherigen Publikationen über Verletzungen durch Geschossspielzeuge wird nur in einem Fall explizit das involvierte Modell als "Nerf N-Strike Elite Rampage Blaster" angegeben [9].…”

Section: Hintergrundunclassified

Alles nur Spielzeug? Eine Untersuchung verschiedener Geschossspielzeuge hinsichtlich ihres Gefahrenpotenzials

et al. 2020

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ZusammenfassungGeschossspielzeuge wie die der Marke Nerf werden von der Allgemeinheit zumeist als harmlos und ungefährlich angesehen. In den letzten Jahren wurden die bunten Waffen ständig weiterentwickelt und verschießen mittlerweile Projektile mit Geschwindigkeiten von deutlich über 100 km/h. Unlängst wurde von Augenverletzungen im Zusammenhang mit Geschossspielzeugen dieser Art berichtet. Eine Untersuchung verschiedener auf dem Markt erhältlicher Modelle hinsichtlich ihrer ballistischen Eigenschaften sollte Aufschluss darüber geben, welche Gefahr von ihnen ausgeht. Sowohl die im Versuch ermittelten kinetischen Energien und Kontaktflächen der Geschosse als auch die ungleichmäßige Verteilung des Drucks beim Auftreffen lassen darauf schließen, dass Augenverletzungen im Umgang mit Geschossspielzeugen nicht auszuschließen sind.

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