Oculomotor deficits indicate the progression of Huntington's Disease

Hicks, Stephen L.; Robert, Matthieu P.; Golding, Charlotte; Tabrizi, Sarah J.; Kennard, Christopher

doi:10.1016/s0079-6123(08)00678-x

Cited by 42 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…This approach can distinguish premanifest individuals from controls by virtue of the former having an increased number of early saccades (responses with unusually short latencies) [2]. Such findings are consistent with other oculomotor studies that have demonstrated the utility of saccadic latency measurement in detecting early changes in HD [1,3,10,11,33].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Huntington’s disease: changes in saccades and hand-tapping over 3 years

Antoniades

Mason

et al. 2010

J Neurol

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Saccades and hand-tapping are both potential biomarkers in patients with Huntington's disease (HD). While it is well known that patients with manifest Huntington's disease display abnormalities in both of these tasks, less is known about how these abnormalities progress over time, or to what extent premanifest patients are affected. This study was designed to address these issues. We examined premanifest and manifest Huntington's cohorts, together with a group of controls, over a 3-year period. Data were collected using a portable head-mounted saccadometer and a computerised hand-tapping device. Both premanifest and manifest Huntington's disease patients display significant and systematic changes from year to year in the parameters describing saccadic latency, while controls remain unchanged. By contrast, although hand-tapping was abnormal in HD patients, annual changes were much smaller. Measuring the rate of progression of saccadic abnormalities in manifest HD patients may provide a way to track disease progression, and thus help to evaluate novel therapies to modify the disease. The clear-cut progression in saccadic abnormalities in the premanifest group may prove useful in the future as a predictor of time to disease onset.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Huntington’s disease: changes in saccades and hand-tapping over 3 years

Antoniades

Mason

et al. 2010

J Neurol

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“…These data suggest that oculomotor abnormalities are a very early manifestation of the HD gene 43,50,51,52,53 . Furthermore, this is evidence of eye movement abnormalities in individuals with so-called presymptomatic or premanifested HD, ie, those who carry the gene mutation, but have not met diagnostic criteria for HD.…”

mentioning

confidence: 77%

Abnormal eye movements in three types of chorea

Attoni

Beato

Pinto

et al. 2016

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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Chorea is an abnormal movement characterized by a continuous flow of random muscle contractions. This phenomenon has several causes, such as infectious and degenerative processes. Chorea results from basal ganglia dysfunction. As the control of the eye movements is related to the basal ganglia, it is expected, therefore, that is altered in diseases related to chorea. Sydenham’s chorea, Huntington’s disease and neuroacanthocytosis are described in this review as basal ganglia illnesses that can present with abnormal eye movements. Ocular changes resulting from dysfunction of the basal ganglia are apparent in saccade tasks, slow pursuit, setting a target and anti-saccade tasks. The purpose of this article is to review the main characteristics of eye motion in these three forms of chorea.

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“…Dementia, Parkinson disease, progressive supranuclear palsy, schizophrenia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, autism, and fragile X syndrome are among the numerous diseases with characteristic anomalies that are detectable using eye-movement tracking technology. 4,20,21,23,24,27,32 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of third and sixth cranial nerve palsies with a novel method for eye tracking while watching a short film clip

Samadani

Farooq²,

Ritlop³

et al. 2015

JNS

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OBJECT Automated eye movement tracking may provide clues to nervous system function at many levels. Spatial calibration of the eye tracking device requires the subject to have relatively intact ocular motility that implies function of cranial nerves (CNs) III (oculomotor), IV (trochlear), and VI (abducent) and their associated nuclei, along with the multiple regions of the brain imparting cognition and volition. The authors have developed a technique for eye tracking that uses temporal rather than spatial calibration, enabling detection of impaired ability to move the pupil relative to normal (neurologically healthy) control volunteers. This work was performed to demonstrate that this technique may detect CN palsies related to brain compression and to provide insight into how the technique may be of value for evaluating neuropathological conditions associated with CN palsy, such as hydrocephalus or acute mass effect. METHODS The authors recorded subjects’ eye movements by using an Eyelink 1000 eye tracker sampling at 500 Hz over 200 seconds while the subject viewed a music video playing inside an aperture on a computer monitor. The aperture moved in a rectangular pattern over a fixed time period. This technique was used to assess ocular motility in 157 neurologically healthy control subjects and 12 patients with either clinical CN III or VI palsy confirmed by neuro-ophthalmological examination, or surgically treatable pathological conditions potentially impacting these nerves. The authors compared the ratio of vertical to horizontal eye movement (height/width defined as aspect ratio) in normal and test subjects. RESULTS In 157 normal controls, the aspect ratio (height/width) for the left eye had a mean value ± SD of 1.0117 ± 0.0706. For the right eye, the aspect ratio had a mean of 1.0077 ± 0.0679 in these 157 subjects. There was no difference between sexes or ages. A patient with known CN VI palsy had a significantly increased aspect ratio (1.39), whereas 2 patients with known CN III palsy had significantly decreased ratios of 0.19 and 0.06, respectively. Three patients with surgically treatable pathological conditions impacting CN VI, such as infratentorial mass effect or hydrocephalus, had significantly increased ratios (1.84, 1.44, and 1.34, respectively) relative to normal controls, and 6 patients with supratentorial mass effect had significantly decreased ratios (0.27, 0.53, 0.62, 0.45, 0.49, and 0.41, respectively). These alterations in eye tracking all reverted to normal ranges after surgical treatment of underlying pathological conditions in these 9 neurosurgical cases. CONCLUSIONS This proof of concept series of cases suggests that the use of eye tracking to detect CN palsy while the patient watches television or its equivalent represents a new capacity for this technology. It may provide a new tool for the assessment of multiple CNS functions that can potentially be useful in the assessment of awake patients with elevated intracranial pressure from hydrocephalus or trauma.

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Oculomotor deficits indicate the progression of Huntington's Disease

Cited by 42 publications

References 7 publications

Huntington’s disease: changes in saccades and hand-tapping over 3 years

Huntington’s disease: changes in saccades and hand-tapping over 3 years

Abnormal eye movements in three types of chorea

Detection of third and sixth cranial nerve palsies with a novel method for eye tracking while watching a short film clip

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