Ocupación y uso del territorio en el sector centromeridional de la cuenca del Duero entre la Antigüedad y la alta Edad Media (siglos I-XI d.C.)

González, Antonio Blanco; Sáez, José Antonio López; Merino, Lourdes López

doi:10.3989/aespa.082.009.011

Cited by 24 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…BP) [28,29,97]. Although the anthropic impact was slight on the mire surroundings, livestock was important in the Muslim economy [98][99][100][101]. Despite the decreasing trend in pasturelands, Poaceae were still dominant in the undergrowth and the flocks were close to the mire as shown by the coprophilous fungi and the spread of anthropic-nithrophilous and anthropozoogenous herbs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Toledo Mountains: A Resilient Landscape and a Landscape for Resilience? Hazards and Strategies in a Mid-Elevation Mountain Region in Central Spain

Luelmo-Lautenschlaeger

Pérez-Díaz

Blarquez

et al. 2019

Quaternary

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The Toledo Mountains are a mid-elevation mountain range that separates the Tagus and Guadiana basins in the central area of the Iberian Peninsula. The location of these mountains allows the development of typical Mediterranean vegetation with some Atlantic influence. Consequently, typical broadleaved evergreen Mediterranean vegetation currently dominates the regional landscape, with the remarkable presence of more mesophilous species in sheltered and more humid microsites such as gorges (e.g., Prunus lusitanica, Taxus baccata, Ilex aquifolium) and mires/bogs (e.g., Betula pendula susbp. fontqueri, Erica tetralix, Myrica gale). Palaeoecological studies in these mountains are essential to understand the long-term ecology and original distribution of these valuable communities and are key to assess their resilience. Understanding the hazards and opportunities faced in the past by the plant communities of the Toledo Mountains is necessary to enhance the management and protection of those species currently threatened. This study focuses on El Perro mire, a peatland on the southern Toledo Mountains (central Spain) where climatic variability has played a major role in landscape dynamics at multi-decadal to millennial timescales. Climatic events such as the 4.2 ka cal. Before Present (BP) or the Little Ice Age triggered relevant landscape changes such as the spread and latter decline of birch and hazel forests. Human communities also seemed to be affected by these events, as their resilience was apparently jeopardized by the new climatic conditions and they were forced to find new strategies to cope with the new scenarios.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Toledo Mountains: A Resilient Landscape and a Landscape for Resilience? Hazards and Strategies in a Mid-Elevation Mountain Region in Central Spain

Luelmo-Lautenschlaeger

Pérez-Díaz

Blarquez

et al. 2019

Quaternary

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“…In selective mid-altitude landscapes like the Sierra de Ávila, this trend continued after the eighth century and only changed substantially with an intensified deforestation after the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. 59 It is not surprising that the location of early medieval sites is very different from that of Roman sites, owing to the clear preference for areas used for animal husbandry, as equally seen in the neighbouring Amblés valley. 60 Intensification in stock-rearing is associated with increasing interest in the control and use of these medium-altitude mountain areas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ancestral memories and early medieval landscapes: the case of Sierra de Ávila (Spain)

Viso

González

2016

Early Medieval Europe

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This paper focuses on early medieval funerary practices from a landscape perspective in central Iberia. Rock‐dug graves constitute the most conspicuous remains in this region, but their informative potential has not yet been realized. The preliminary outcomes of an ongoing research project are presented here. This aims to contextualize such funerary cases by examining a mid‐altitude mountain study‐area. Through the use of intensive archaeological surveying and geographic information systems, the paper characterizes two basic funerary types: isolated graves and rural disordered cemeteries, which responded to two social strategies led by local households. By recalling ancestorship, they constituted effective mnemonic resources, contributing to claiming rights and forging identities among these dispersed and predominantly small‐scale herding communities.

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“…This has its reflection in the pollen diagrams ( Figure 6) with the spread of Poaceae, Rumex, and Plantago among others, indicating the success of these activities, which are kept in the first part of the Early Middle Age [42,43]. The Visigothic Kingdom, which maintained strong persistence in the rural areas [77], successfully developed a slash-and-burn system, preparing the land for crops and grazing by using fire as the main tool for managing the environment [42,[93][94][95][96].…”

Section: Climatic and Human Influence: 3000-500 Cal Bpmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…BP) brings a small demographic growth and the Muslim communities living in this mid-mountain system maintain spread cereal cultivation and livestock, since grazing is the most important economic resource for these communities. These activities are linked to the development of some roads connecting different Islamic territories crossing these mountains, used by flock movements and commercial routes [42,43,94,[97][98][99]. However, the war is also present in the fire regime because fire is an element used for clearing the landscape and avoiding ambushes or forcing the enemy to move, as well as for destroying enemy resources.…”

Section: Climatic and Human Influence: 3000-500 Cal Bpmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Iberian Peninsula’s Burning Heart—Long-Term Fire History in the Toledo Mountains (Central Spain)

Luelmo-Lautenschlaeger

Blarquez

Pérez-Díaz

et al. 2019

Fire

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Long-term fire ecology can help to better understand the major role played by fire in driving vegetation composition and structure over decadal to millennial timescales, along with climate change and human agency, especially in fire-prone areas such as the Mediterranean basin. Investigating past ecosystem dynamics in response to changing fire activity, climate, and land use, and how these landscape drivers interact in the long-term is needed for efficient nature management, protection, and restoration. The Toledo Mountains of central Spain are a mid-elevation mountain complex with scarce current anthropic intervention located on the westernmost edge of the Mediterranean basin. These features provide a perfect setting to study patterns of late Holocene fire activity and landscape transformation. Here, we have combined macroscopic charcoal analysis with palynological data in three peat sequences (El Perro, Brezoso, and Viñuelas mires) to reconstruct fire regimes during recent millennia and their linkages to changes in vegetation, land use, and climatic conditions. During a first phase (5000–3000 cal. BP) characterized by mixed oak woodlands and low anthropogenic impact, climate exerted an evident influence over fire regimes. Later, the data show two phases of increasing human influence dated at 3000–500 cal. BP and 500 cal. BP–present, which translated into significant changes in fire regimes increasingly driven by human activity. These results contribute to prove how fire regimes have changed along with human societies, being more related to land use and less dependent on climatic cycles.

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Ocupación y uso del territorio en el sector centromeridional de la cuenca del Duero entre la Antigüedad y la alta Edad Media (siglos I-XI d.C.)

Cited by 24 publications

References 6 publications

The Toledo Mountains: A Resilient Landscape and a Landscape for Resilience? Hazards and Strategies in a Mid-Elevation Mountain Region in Central Spain

The Toledo Mountains: A Resilient Landscape and a Landscape for Resilience? Hazards and Strategies in a Mid-Elevation Mountain Region in Central Spain

Ancestral memories and early medieval landscapes: the case of Sierra de Ávila (Spain)

The Iberian Peninsula’s Burning Heart—Long-Term Fire History in the Toledo Mountains (Central Spain)

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