Odor hedonics coding in the vertebrate olfactory bulb

Kermen, Florence; Mandairon, Nathalie; Chalençon, Laura

doi:10.1007/s00441-020-03372-w

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 116 publications

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“…In addition, it has been shown that the perceptual dimensions of odor coding (i.e., the distribution of activity elicited by activated receptor neurons across the volume of the olfactory bulb) are related in humans and rats and that perceptual qualities can be represented as continuous spatial codes of the olfactory bulb glomeruli population (Auffarth et al, 2011). These hedonic representations in the olfactory bulb also appear to be centrally integrated, particularly within the reward system, in both mice and humans (Kermen et al, 2021; Midroit et al, 2021) or the olfactory tubercle in mice (Gadziola et al, 2015). Clearly, many areas beyond the olfactory bulb are involved in the hedonic processing of odors.…”

Section: Odor Hedonic Perception and Brain Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability in odor hedonic perception: A challenge for neurosensory and behavioral research.

Bontempi,

Brand,

Jacquot

2024

Behavioral Neuroscience

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Odor hedonic perception (pleasant/unpleasant character) is considered to be the first and one of the most important dimensions in olfaction and is known to be highly variable and dependent on several factors related to the stimulus, individual characteristics, and context. Although numerous experimental studies have been published on this topic, there is no comprehensive general review on the variability in odor hedonic perception. Therefore, the aim of this article was to describe and detail all the factors involved in the variability in odor hedonic perception. Stimulus properties-related variability includes the concentration/ intensity and the physicochemical properties. Individual-related variability includes sex, age, and physiological state characteristics, while context-related variability involves factors associated with the stimulation context, such as stimulation pathway, exposure frequency, verbal influences, cross-modal associations, hedonic contrast, and cultural background. Subsequently, a section is devoted to the brain processing of odor hedonicity, although its role in odor hedonic variability is largely unknown. Finally, the article discusses the relationship between the hedonic qualities of odors and the resulting behavioral responses in both animals and humans.

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Section: Odor Hedonic Perception and Brain Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability in odor hedonic perception: A challenge for neurosensory and behavioral research.

Bontempi,

Brand,

Jacquot

2024

Behavioral Neuroscience

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“…A key feature of our perceptual systems is to assign hedonic value, or valence, to stimuli to aid our decision to either approach or avoid them (Darwin, 2011;Lavender & Hommel, 2007;Öhman, 2007). In line with this, it has been hypothesized that the coding of valence is a dominant feature of the human olfactory system (Khan et al, 2007) and several areas of the olfactory system in animal models produce valencedependent responses (Blazing & Franks, 2020;Joussain et al, 2011;Kermen et al, 2021;Secundo et al, 2014). Likewise, in humans, both the olfactory bulb (OB) (Iravani et al, 2021a) and piriform cortex (PC) (Kato et al 2022) process representations of odor valence with inputs from the extended olfactory cortex (Rolls et al, 2003).…”

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confidence: 99%

The how, when, and what of odor valence communication between the olfactory bulb and piriform cortex

Nordén,

Iravani,

Schaefer

et al. 2023

Preprint

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A core function of the olfactory system is to determine an odor’s valence. The central processing of odor valence is initiated in the olfactory bulb, but the neural mechanisms by which this important information is communicated to, and from, the olfactory cortex (piriform cortex) in humans are not known. To assess communication between the two nodes, we simultaneously measured odor-dependent neural activity in the olfactory bulb and piriform cortex from human participants while obtaining trial-by-trial valence ratings. We determinedwhenvalence information was communicated,whatkind of information was transferred, andhowthe information was transferred (i.e., in which frequency band). Support vector machine learning on the coherence spectrum and frequency-resolved Granger causality were used to identify valence-dependent differences in functional and effective connectivity between the olfactory bulb and piriform cortex. We found that the olfactory bulb communicates odor valence to the piriform cortex in the gamma band shortly after odor onset, while the piriform cortex subsequently feeds valence-related information back to the olfactory bulb in the beta band. Decoding accuracy was better for negative than positive valence, suggesting negative valence superiority. Critically, we replicated these findings in an independent dataset using other odors across a larger perceived valence range. Combined, these results demonstrate that the olfactory bulb and piriform cortex communicate levels of odor pleasantness across multiple frequencies, at specific time-points and in a direction-dependent pattern in accordance with the two-stage model of odor processing. It also provides further evidence that odor valence should be viewed as two perceptual dimensions and not one continuous.

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“…Thereby, these authors mainly focus on how mammals extract spatial information from the environment. Recent findings describing how the hedonic value of an odorant, i.e., whether an odorant is perceived as pleasant or unpleasant, is represented in the OB circuitry are reviewed by Kermen et al (2021). The next review deals with the role of granule cells, the most prominent interneurons of the OB.…”

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confidence: 99%