Odor in Relation to Different Polymers

Wypych, George

doi:10.1016/b978-1-895198-51-5.50010-3

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…They are grouped according to their chemical structure. Regarding POM, literature reports related to the VOCs emitted by this material are mainly focused on the most abundant compound—formaldehyde [ 29 , 33 , 34 ]. However, this compound was not detected here because of the application-defined type of sample-treating instrument and the kind of sorption material.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

POM/EVA Blends with Future Utility in Fused Deposition Modeling

et al. 2020

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Polyoxymethylene (POM) is one of the most popular thermoplastic polymers used in the industry. Therefore, the interest in its potential applications in rapid prototyping is understandable. Nevertheless, its low dimensional stability causes the warping of 3D prints, limiting its applications. This research aimed to evaluate the effects of POM modification with ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) (2.5, 5.0, and 7.5 wt.%) on its processing (by melt flow index), structure (by X-ray microcomputed tomography), and properties (by static tensile tests, surface resistance, contact angle measurements, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analysis), as well as very rarely analyzed emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) (by headspace analysis). Performed modifications decreased stiffness and strength of the material, simultaneously enhancing its ductility, which simultaneously increased the toughness even by more than 50% for 7.5 wt.% EVA loading. Such an effect was related to an improved linear flow rate resulting in a lack of defects inside the samples. The decrease of the melting temperature and the slight increase of thermal stability after the addition of EVA broadened the processing window for 3D printing. The 3D printing trials on two different printers showed that the addition of EVA copolymer increased the possibility of a successful print without defects, giving space for further development.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

POM/EVA Blends with Future Utility in Fused Deposition Modeling

et al. 2020

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“…In the paper [41], the authors determined that raising the infill percentage from 20% to 50% in ABS results in a 26% enhancement in ultimate tensile strength (UTS), a 24% increase in yield stress, a 45% boost in Young's modulus, and a slight 1% improvement in elongation at break. ABS-like resin is part of the group of thermoplastic polymers consisting of three components: acrylonitrile, butadiene, and styrene [47][48][49][50][51][52][53]. As reported in [49], the presence of acrylonitrile enhances the thermal and chemical resilience, along with the surface hardness of the end product.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Characterization and Comparative Analysis of Mechanical Parameters of FDM- and SLA-Printed ABS Materials

Hozdić

2024

Applied Sciences

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This research paper provides an in-depth examination of the mechanical characteristics of 3D-printed specimens made from acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and resins akin to ABS, with a focus on two widely used 3D printing methodologies: fused deposition modeling (FDM) and stereolithography (SLA). The study investigates how variations in 3D printing technology and infill density impact mechanical parameters such as Young’s modulus, tensile strength, strain, nominal strain at break, maximum displacement, and maximum force at break. Tensile testing was conducted to assess these critical parameters. The results indicate distinct differences in mechanical performance between FDM- and SLA-printed specimens, with SLA consistently showing superior mechanical parameters, especially in terms of tensile strength, displacement, and Young’s modulus. SLA-printed specimens at 30% infill density exhibited a 38.11% increase in average tensile strength compared to FDM counterparts and at 100% infill density, a 39.57% increase was observed. The average maximum displacement for SLA specimens at 30% infill density showed a 14.96% increase and at 100% infill density, a 30.32% increase was observed compared to FDM specimens. Additionally, the average Young’s modulus for SLA specimens at 30% infill density increased by 17.89% and at 100% infill density, a 13.48% increase was observed, highlighting the superior mechanical properties of SLA-printed ABS-like resin materials. In tensile testing, FDM-printed specimens with 30% infill density showed an average strain of 2.16% and at 100% infill density, a slightly higher deformation of 3.1% was recorded. Conversely, SLA-printed specimens at 30% infill density exhibited a strain of 2.24% and at 100% infill density, a higher strain value of 4.15% was observed. The comparison suggests that increasing the infill density in FDM does not significantly improve deformation resistance, while in SLA, it leads to a substantial increase in deformation, raising questions about the practicality of higher infill densities. The testing data underscore the impact of infill density on the average nominal strain at break, revealing improved performance in FDM and significant strain endurance in SLA. The study concludes that SLA technology offers clear advantages, making it a promising option for producing ABS and ABS-like resin materials with enhanced mechanical properties.

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“…These two phases are bonded to the matrix SAN layer and, in this way, are polymer compatible. Each of these components and their ratio affects the specific properties of the resin [33]. Thus, the acrylonitrile affects the heat and chemical resistance and surface hardness of the final product, the butadiene affects toughness and impact strength, and the styrene affects processability, stiffness, and strength [34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Mechanical Examination of ABS and ABS-like Polymers Additively Manufactured by Material Extrusion and Vat Photopolymerization Processes

Golubović,

Danilov,

Bojović

et al. 2023

Polymers

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Additive manufacturing technologies have developed rapidly in recent decades, pushing the limits of known manufacturing processes. The need to study the properties of the different materials used for these processes comprehensively and in detail has become a primary goal in order to get the best out of the manufacturing itself. The widely used thermoplastic polymer material acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) was selected in the form of both filaments and ABS-like resins to investigate and compare the mechanical properties through a series of different tests. ABS-like resin material is commercially available, but it is not a sufficiently mechanically studied form of the material, which leads to the rather limited literature. Considering that ABS resin is a declared material that behaves like the ABS filament but in a different form, the objective of this study was to compare these two commercially available materials printed with three different 3D printers, namely Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM), Stereolithography (SLA) and Digital Light Processing (DLP). A total of 45 test specimens with geometries and test protocols conforming to the relevant standards were subjected to a series of tensile, three-point bending and compression tests to determine their mechanical properties. Characterization also included evaluation of morphology with 2D and 3D microscopy, dimensional accuracy of 3D scans, and Shore A hardness of each material and 3D printing process. Tensile testing results have shown that FDM toughness is 40% of the value for DLP. FDM elongation at break is 37% of DLP, while ultimate tensile stress for SLA is 27% higher than FDM value. Elastic modulus for FDM and SLA coincide. Flexure testing results indicate that value of DLP flexural modulus is 54% of the FDM value. SLA strain value is 59% of FDM, and DLP ultimate flexure stress is 77% of the value for FDM. Compression test results imply that FDM specimens absorb at least twice as much energy as vat polymerized specimens. Strain at break for SLA is 72% and strain at ultimate stress is 60% of FDM values. FDM yield stress is 32% higher than DLP value. SLA ultimate compressive stress is half of FDM, while value for DLP compressive modulus is 69% of the FDM value. The results obtained are beneficial and give a more comprehensive picture of the behavior of the ABS polymers used in different forms and different AM processes.

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Odor in Relation to Different Polymers

Cited by 5 publications

References 49 publications

POM/EVA Blends with Future Utility in Fused Deposition Modeling

POM/EVA Blends with Future Utility in Fused Deposition Modeling

Characterization and Comparative Analysis of Mechanical Parameters of FDM- and SLA-Printed ABS Materials

A Comprehensive Mechanical Examination of ABS and ABS-like Polymers Additively Manufactured by Material Extrusion and Vat Photopolymerization Processes

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