“…Positive associations were found for low birth weight and multiple births (Robert et al, 1993;Bianca and Ettore, 2003;Forrester and Merz, 2005) and preterm birth (Robert et al, 1993;Rasmussen et al, 2001;Forrester and Merz, 2005). Among maternal characteristics examined, positive associations were found for advanced maternal age (>35 years) (Torfs et al, 1995;Forrester and Merz, 2005;Felix et al, 2008), younger maternal age (<20 years) (Depaepe et al, 1993), both advanced and younger ages (Szendrey et al, 1985;David and O'Callaghan, 1975), as well as white race (Forrester and Merz, 2005) and low parity (Robert et al, 1993;Bianca and Ettore, 2003).…”