Oesophageal cancer: risks, prevention, and diagnosis

Thrumurthy, Sri G.; Chaudry, M. Asif; Thrumurthy, Sasha S D; Mughal, Muntzer

doi:10.1136/bmj.l4373

Cited by 79 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Even with active surgery and neoadjuvant therapy, the prognosis is still poor. The identification of new, reliable diagnostic, and targeted therapeutic molecular biomarkers associated with the clinical factors of esophageal cancer is critical …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LGR6 is a potential diagnostic and prognostic marker for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Chai

Shen

Zhang

et al. 2020

Clinical Laboratory Analysis

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Background Leucine‐rich repeat–coupled receptor 6 (LGR6) is a marker of the skin, nails, and other types of adult tissue stem cells and has been widely found to be related to the development and progression of a variety of cancer types. The clinical significance and biological function of LGR6 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) have not been determined. Methods The expression of LGR6 at the transcriptional level was analyzed by searching the TCGA and UCSC data sets. Immunohistochemistry, WB, and q‐PCR were used to detect the expression of LGR6 in ESCC and adjacent normal tissues. LGR6 PPI networks and KEGG pathways were used to analyze the potential biological functions of LGR6. Results The expression of LGR6 in ESCC tissues was significantly higher than that in normal tissues and was negatively correlated with the differentiation degree of ESCC and the prognosis of the patients but not closely correlated with the TNM stage of ESCC. PPI networks showed that LGR6 had a close interaction with RSPO1, RSPO2, RSPO3, and RSPO4. KEGG pathway analysis showed that LGR6 activated the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway by binding with RSPO ligands to promote the progression of ESCC. Conclusion LGR6 can serve as a potential diagnostic and prognostic marker for ESCC.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LGR6 is a potential diagnostic and prognostic marker for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Chai

Shen

Zhang

et al. 2020

Clinical Laboratory Analysis

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“…These are at least partly secondary to tumor-induced dysphagia and resulting inadequate food intake. Further worsening of the nutritional status of these patients may be caused by the side effects of the anticancer treatments they receive including chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery [4]. Body composition parameters have therefore been increasingly studied in this disease setting as prognostic indicators as well as targets for supportive therapeutic interventions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fat density is a novel prognostic marker in patients with esophageal cancer

Anciaux

Gossum

Wenglinski

et al. 2020

Clinical Nutrition ESPEN

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Background & aims: While long-term obesity is a well-known risk factor for esophageal adenocarcinoma (ADC), recent weight loss represents a significant concern in esophageal cancer (EC), in relation with dysphagia and disease aggressiveness. These phenomenons may diversely impact the adipose tissue density, suggested in other cancer settings as an important prognostic biomarker. The analysis of body mass composition (BMC) parameters, including adipose tissue attenuation is studied here in a population of EC operated with curative intent. Methods: BMC was retrospectively evaluated on Computed-Tomography (CT)-scan images from fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron-emitting (PET)/CT scans performed as a diagnostic procedure in a cohort of 145 EC patients operated with curative intent The mean subcutaneous (SFD) and visceral fat (VFD) density along with the index (area/height 2) (SF index (SFI), VF index (VFI)) were assessed on two adjacent slides at the third lumbar vertebra level by two independent investigators. Overall survival (OS) was calculated from the date of the baseline FDG-PET/CT scan. Results: Inter-observer correlations are excellent for all BMC parameters (r ¼ 0.94e0.99). As expected, weight loss is associated with worse outcome. We show that low SFD (HR 0.5 (95% CI: 0.3e0.7), p < 0.001) and low VFD (HR 0.6 (95% CI: 0.4e0.9), p ¼ 0.04) at diagnosis are associated with better OS. In contrast, body mass index (BMI) fails to show any relevance in predicting survival. Conclusions: Adipose tissue density is an important prognostic factor in EC.

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“…Esophageal cancer is a leading malignant tumor in terms of morbidity and mortality due to emerging issues in food safety and diet, and the changes of environment and weather [ 1 , 2 ]. Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) has been widely used to treat early esophageal cancer and precancerous lesions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viscosity and degradation controlled injectable hydrogel for esophageal endoscopic submucosal dissection

Fan

Huang

et al. 2021

Bioactive Materials

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Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a common procedure to treat early and precancerous gastrointestinal lesions. Via submucosal injection, a liquid cushion is created to lift and separate the lesion and malignant part from the muscular layer where the formed indispensable space is convenient for endoscopic incision. Saline is a most common submucosal injection liquid, but the formed liquid pad lasts only a short time, and thus repeated injections increase the potential risk of adverse events. Hydrogels with high osmotic pressure and high viscosity are used as an alternate; however, with some drawbacks such as tissue damage, excessive injection resistance, and high cost. Here, we reported a nature derived hydrogel of gelatin-oxidized alginate (G-OALG). Based on the rheological analysis and compare to commercial endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) solution (0.25% hyaluronic acid, HA), a designed G-OALG hydrogel of desired concentration and composition showed higher performances in controllable gelation and injectability, higher viscosity and more stable structures. The G-OALG gel also showed lower propulsion resistance than 0.25% HA in the injection force assessment under standard endoscopic instruments, which eased the surgical operation. In addition, the G-OALG hydrogel showed good in vivo degradability biocompatibility. By comparing the results acquired via ESD to normal saline, the G-OALG shows great histocompatibility and excellent endoscopic injectability, and enables create a longer-lasting submucosal cushion. All the features have been confirmed in the living both pig and rat models. The G-OALG could be a promising submucosal injection agent for esophageal ESD.

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Oesophageal cancer: risks, prevention, and diagnosis

Cited by 79 publications

References 37 publications

LGR6 is a potential diagnostic and prognostic marker for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

LGR6 is a potential diagnostic and prognostic marker for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Fat density is a novel prognostic marker in patients with esophageal cancer

Viscosity and degradation controlled injectable hydrogel for esophageal endoscopic submucosal dissection

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