Oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC): Advances through omics technologies, towards ESCC salivaomics

Abstract

Oesophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the two main subtypes of oesophageal cancer, affecting mainly populations in Asia. Though there have been great efforts to develop methods for a better prognosis, there is still a limitation in the staging of this affection. As a result, ESCC is detected at advances stages, when the interventions on the patient do not have such a positive outcome, leading in many cases to recurrence and to a very low 5-year survival rate, causing high mortality. A way to decrease the number of deaths is the use of biomarkers that can trace the advance of the disease at early stages, when surgical or chemotherapeutic methodologies would have a greater effect on the evolution of the subject. The new high throughput omics technologies offer an unprecedented chance to screen for thousands of molecules at the same time, from which a new set of biomarkers could be developed. One of the most convenient types of samples is saliva, an accessible body fluid that has the advantage of being non-invasive for the patient, being easy to store or to process. This review will focus on the current status of the new omics technologies regarding salivaomics in ESCC, or when not evaluated yet, the achievements in related diseases.

Oral Microbiome in Patients with Oesophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

“…It has been reported in a previous article that the oesophageal cancer group had a lower intake of fruits and vegetables and poor oral hygiene compared to the control group 30 . Our results were not the same.…”

Oridonin Induces Apoptosis in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Inhibiting Cytoskeletal Protein LASP1 and PDLIM1

“…The two most common histologic subtypes of esophageal cancer are esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) [ 2 ]. Among esophageal cancer-causing deaths, 80% occur in ESCC [ 3 , 4 ]. In some areas of Asia and Africa, 90% of esophageal cancer cases are squamous cell carcinoma [ 5 ].…”

Up-regulation of SOCS4 promotes cell proliferation and migration in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

“…Esophageal cancer (EC) is the sixth most common malignancy worldwide ( 1 ), with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) accounting for ~90% of ECs ( 1 ). Despite improvements in ESCC treatments in recent years, the cure rate of ESCC is still low ( 2 , 3 ). Most ESCC is diagnosed at advanced stage, which makes treatments more difficult and less effective ( 4 ).…”