Œstrogen Receptors and Prognosis in Early Breast Cancer

Cooke, Timothy G.; George, Diane Marie M. St.; Shields, R.; Maynard, P. V.; Griffiths, K.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(79)92752-1

Cited by 149 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Tumour oestrogen receptor (ER) content has been proposed but there is disagreement about its value (Cooke et al, 1979;Fisher et al, 1988 Valagussa, 1987).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFr); results of a 6 year follow-up study in operable breast cancer with emphasis on the node negative subgroup

Nicholson

Richard²,

Sainsbury³

et al. 1991

Br J Cancer

151

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Summary More accurate criteria are required for the selection of patients with node-negative breast cancer for systemic adjuvant therapy. Expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFr) has been shown previously to be inversely related to oestrogen receptor (ER) in patients with operable breast cancer and to be associated with a poorer prognosis. Analysis of EGFr and ER was performed on tumour samples from 231 patients with operable breast cancer followed for up to 6 years after surgery. The median duration of follow-up in patients still alive at the time of analysis was 45 months. Thirty-five percent of patients (82) The histological status of the axillary lymph nodes, specifically the absolute number of nodes involved, remains the most potent prognostic marker for patients with operable breast cancer (Valagussa et al., 1978;Fisher et al., 1983). Tumour recurrence and death due to breast cancer, however, affects a significant proportion of patients with node-negative disease (Fisher et al., 1989c). Recurrence rates of up to 43% and mortality at 10 years of 32% have been reported (Fisher et al., 1989b), suggesting a need for effective adjuvant systemic therapy for selected patients in this supposedly good prognostic subgroup.It is now recognised that there is a need for a marker (or markers) capable of discriminating patients with axillary node-negative disease at high risk of recurrence and death. Tumour oestrogen receptor (ER) content has been proposed but there is disagreement about its value (Cooke et al., 1979;Fisher et al., 1988 Valagussa, 1987).There have been several reports describing the presence of specific, high affinity receptors for epidermal growth factor (EGFr) on membranes prepared from primary human breast carcinoma (Sainsbury et al., 1985;Perez et al., 1984). These studies showed a marked inverse relationship between expression of EGFr and ER. Tumours which overexpressed EGFr were associated with a poor overall prognosis (Sainsbury et al., 1987;Rios et al., 1988) but short follow-up precluded close examination of patient subgroups in particular nodenegative patients. Continued prospective patient follow-up and increased patient numbers now allows examination of the prognostic value of EGFr, particularly in node-negative patients. Patients and methodsTwo hundred and thirty-one consecutive patients with operatable breast cancer and without biochemical or radiological evidence of distant metastases were treated by simple mastectomy (n = 181) or wide local excision and post-operative radiotherapy by external beam and iridium wire implants (n = 50). Level I axillary nodes (behind pectoralis major) were sampled if palpable at surgery (n = 129, 56%). An average of four nodes were sampled and for those with positive nodes an average of three contained metastatic tumour (range 1-8). In patients treated by mastectomy adjuvant radiotherapy was given to the ipsilateral axilla if the nodes were involved. No patient received adjuvant chemotherapy in this study. Forty patients towards the end of the s...

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“…Tumour oestrogen receptor (ER) content has been proposed but there is disagreement about its value (Cooke et al, 1979;Fisher et al, 1988 Valagussa, 1987).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFr); results of a 6 year follow-up study in operable breast cancer with emphasis on the node negative subgroup

Nicholson

Richard²,

Sainsbury³

et al. 1991

Br J Cancer

151

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“…The early studies of tumour oestrogen receptor (ER) content, in patients with primary breast cancer, found a prolonged disease free interval (DFI) and a favourable prognosis in patients presenting with ER positive tumours (Knight et al, 1977;Allegra et al, 1979;Cooke et al, 1979;Osborne et al, 1980;Samaan et al, 1981;Neifield et al, 1982 andPaterson et al, 1982). These reports were based on relatively few women with limited follow up and have been criticised as they often included patients receiving post operative chemotherapy.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Oestrogen receptors in primary and advanced breast cancer: An eight year review of 704 cases

Williams¹,

Todd²,

Ellis³

et al. 1987

Br J Cancer

115

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Summary ER content of primary tumour tissue has been examined in 704 patients presenting with operable breast cancer. The median follow-up is now 84 months and no patient has received adjuvant therapy of any kind.ER status is related to histological grade, menopausal status, initial site of metastases and subsequent response to endocrine therapy.A significant advantage in terms of survival is found in ER positive patients which is confined to those lymph node positive at mastectomy. DFI is also significantly related to ER status in lymph node positive patients.Survival after the symptomatic presentation of metastases and the institution of endocrine therapy is prolonged in patents with ER positive tumours. The overall response rate to endocrine therapy in assessable patients with ER positive tumours is 32%. By combining the ER status and histological grade of tumour tissue, a group of patients comprising 28% of those assessable to endocrine therapy can be identified (ER positive, grade I and 11) with a response rate of 46%.

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“…These react against different antigenic epitopes present on the same molecule to which EMA antibodies are directed (Ormerod et al, 1983). The immunohistochemical staining patterns of both oligoclonal antibodies and monoclonal antibodies to MFGM are extracellular in the ducts and tubules of normal and benign breast tissue and markedly heterogenous in malignant breast tissue (Valagussa et al, 1978), Bloom's grade (Bloom & Richardson, 1957) and oestrogen receptor status (Cooke et al, 1979 (Cardiff) using the dextran charcoal method (Cooke et al, 1979). The presence of absence of metastatic spread of the primary tumour to the axillary lymph node was known for 89 of the patients with carcinoma.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The prognostic value of the monoclonal antibodies HMFG1 and HMFG2 in breast cancer

Berry¹,

Jones²,

Smallwood³

et al. 1985

Br J Cancer

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Œstrogen Receptors and Prognosis in Early Breast Cancer

Cited by 149 publications

References 2 publications

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFr); results of a 6 year follow-up study in operable breast cancer with emphasis on the node negative subgroup

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFr); results of a 6 year follow-up study in operable breast cancer with emphasis on the node negative subgroup

Oestrogen receptors in primary and advanced breast cancer: An eight year review of 704 cases

The prognostic value of the monoclonal antibodies HMFG1 and HMFG2 in breast cancer

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