Oestrogenic pollutants promote the growth of a parasite in male sticklebacks

Macnab, Vicki; Katsiadaki, Ioanna; Tilley, Ceinwen A.; Barber, Iain

doi:10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.02.010

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…It is, however, noteworthy that in 72% of resident fish at least one pathology (most frequently parasites in the liver) was observed. The effect of existing interactions between CEC exposures and pathologies, particularly parasite loads, represents a critical knowledge gap–especially considering that the liver is the main detoxifying organ of the organism and parasitic infestations are common in fish exposed to estrogenic CECs [ 114 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contaminants of emerging concern in tributaries to the Laurentian Great Lakes: II. Biological consequences of exposure

et al. 2017

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The Laurentian Great Lakes contain one fifth of the world’s surface freshwater and have been impacted by human activity since the Industrial Revolution. In addition to legacy contaminants, nitrification and invasive species, this aquatic ecosystem is also the recipient of Contaminants of Emerging Concern (CECs) with poorly understood biological consequences. In the current study, we documented the presence, concentrations, and biological effects of CECs across 27 field sites in six Great Lakes tributaries by examining over 2250 resident and caged sunfish (Lepomis ssp.) for a variety of morphological and physiological endpoints and related these results to CEC occurrence. CEC were ubiquitous across studies sites and their presence and concentrations in water and sediment were highest in effluent dominated rivers and downstream of municipal wastewater treatment plant discharges. However, even putative upstream reference sites were not free of CEC presence and fish at these sites exhibited biological effects consistent with CEC exposure. Only the Fox River exhibited consistent adverse biological effects, including increased relative liver size, greater prominence of hepatocyte vacuoles and increased plasma glucose concentrations. Canonical Redundancy Analysis revealed consistent patterns of biological consequences of CEC exposure across all six tributaries. Increasing plasma glucose concentrations, likely as a result of pollutant-induced metabolic stress, were associated with increased relative liver size and greater prominence of hepatocyte vacuoles. These indicators of pollutant exposure were inversely correlated with indicators of reproductive potential including smaller gonad size and less mature gametes. The current study highlights the need for greater integration of chemical and biological studies and suggests that CECs in the Laurentian Great Lakes Basin may adversely affect the reproductive potential of exposed fish populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contaminants of emerging concern in tributaries to the Laurentian Great Lakes: II. Biological consequences of exposure

et al. 2017

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“…Both T-cell related immune responses have been described in fish, albeit with species-specific kinetics that may interfere or potentiate with the resistance to severe infection (122) and the intensity of distress responses. However, sex-specific responses to reproductive hormones may be altered by HIREC changes in water composition, as demonstrated by the effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals such as 17β-oestradiol in host-pathogen interaction between males and females of three-spined sticklebacks ( Gasterosteus aculeatus ) and the cestode parasite Schistocephalus solidus (123). When exposed to high doses of estradiol, parasitized stickleback males were found to be greatly affected, more than females by parasite growth.…”

Section: Janian Phenomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Netting the Stress Responses in Fish

2019

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In the last decade, the concept of animal stress has been stressed thin to accommodate the effects of short-term changes in cell and tissue physiology, major behavioral syndromes in individuals and ecological disturbances in populations. Seyle's definition of stress as “the nonspecific (common) result of any demand upon the body” now encompasses homeostasis in a broader sense, including all the hierarchical levels in a networked biological system. The heterogeneity of stress responses thus varies within individuals, and stressors become multimodal in terms of typology, source and effects, as well as the responses that each individual elicits to cope with the disturbance. In fish, the time course of changes after stress strongly depends on several factors, including the stressful experiences in early life, the vertical transmission of stressful-prone phenotypes, the degree of individual phenotypic plasticity, the robustness and variety of the epigenetic network related to environmentally induced changes, and the intrinsic behavioral responses (individuality/personality) of each individual. The hierarchical heterogeneity of stress responses demands a code that may decrypt and simplify the analysis of both proximate and evolutionary causes of a particular stress phenotype. We propose an analytical framework, the stressotope , defined as an adaptive scenario dominated by common environmental selective pressures that elicit common multilevel acute stress-induced responses and produce a measurable allostatic load in the organism. The stressotope may constitute a blueprint of embedded interactions between stress-related variations in cell states, molecular mediators and systemic networks, a map of circuits that reflect the inherited and acquired stress responses in an ever-changing, microorganismal-loaded medium. Several features of the proposed model are discussed as a starting point to pin down the maximum common stress responses across immune-neuroendocrine relevant physiological levels and scenarios, including the characterization of behavioral responses, in fish.

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“…The stickleback-Schistocephalus host-parasite model has been widely used for studying the impacts of infection on host energetics (Barber et al, 2008), growth and reproductive development (Heins and Baker, 2008) as well as on host behaviour (Milinski, 1985(Milinski, , 1990Barber and Scharsack, 2010;Hafer and Milinski, 2016). Recently, experimental infection studies have been used to investigate evolutionary aspects of hosteparasite interactions (MacColl, 2009;Barber, 2013) and host immune responses (Scharsack et al, 2004(Scharsack et al, , 2007bBarber and Scharsack, 2010), as well as the impacts of changing environments on patterns of infection (MacNab and Barber, 2012;Dittmar et al, 2014;MacNab et al, 2016).…”

Section: Immunologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Hook, Line and Infection

Stewart

Jackson

Barber

et al. 2017

Advances in Parasitology

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The three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) is a model organism with an extremely well-characterized ecology, evolutionary history, behavioural repertoire and parasitology that is coupled with published genomic data. These small temperate zone fish therefore provide an ideal experimental system to study common diseases of coldwater fish, including those of aquacultural importance. However, detailed information on the culture of stickleback parasites, the establishment and maintenance of infections and the quantification of host responses is scattered between primary and grey literature resources, some of which is not readily accessible. Our aim is to lay out a framework of techniques based on our experience to inform new and established laboratories about culture techniques and recent advances in the field. Here, essential knowledge on the biology, capture and laboratory maintenance of sticklebacks, and their commonly studied parasites is drawn together, highlighting recent advances in our understanding of the associated immune responses. In compiling this guide on the maintenance of sticklebacks and a range of common, taxonomically diverse parasites in the laboratory, we aim to engage a broader interdisciplinary community to consider this highly tractable model when addressing pressing questions in evolution, infection and aquaculture.

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Oestrogenic pollutants promote the growth of a parasite in male sticklebacks

Abstract: HighlightsE2 exposure had no effect on the susceptibility of sticklebacks to parasite infection.E2 elevated VTG levels in males and females.E2 increased the growth of parasites in male, not female, fish.Parasite mass correlated with VTG levels among males, but not females.

Cited by 9 publications

References 69 publications

Contaminants of emerging concern in tributaries to the Laurentian Great Lakes: II. Biological consequences of exposure

Contaminants of emerging concern in tributaries to the Laurentian Great Lakes: II. Biological consequences of exposure

Netting the Stress Responses in Fish

Hook, Line and Infection

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