Official positions of the International Society for Clinical Densitometry

Lewiecki, E. Michael; Binkley, Neil; Bilezikian, John P.; Kendler, David L.; Leib, Edward S.; Petak, Steven M.

doi:10.1007/s00198-006-0202-2

Cited by 88 publications

(137 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Clearly, a different threshold point would be needed since lateral spine BMD would over estimate the diagnosis of osteoporosis. The WHO criteria used for diagnosis of osteoporosis is applicable for the hip, PA spine, and forearm sites only, not the lateral spine (3,8,10,16). In addition, the accuracy and precision error of the lateral spine measurement of BMD is higher than the posteroanterior measurement and the hip (17).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Utility of Spine Bone Density in Elderly Women

Schneider

Bettencourt

Barrett‐Connor

2006

Journal of Clinical Densitometry

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It is common clinical practice to obtain bone mass measurement at both the hip and spine to evaluate for osteoporosis. With aging, degenerative changes in the lumbar spine may elevate the bone mineral density (BMD) results giving false assurances that the fracture risk at the spine is low. We examined the association of spine osteoarthritis and bone mineral density in 1082 community-dwelling ambulatory older women aged 50-96 years who participated in a 1992-1996 osteoporosis research clinic visit. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured at the hip, PA and lateral lumbar spine using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Spine osteoarthritis was identified on the PA lumbar spine DXA images by a musculoskeletal radiologist. Forty percent of women had evidence of spine osteoarthritis (OA). Women with spine OA had mean age of 77.4 years (95% CI, 76.5-78.2), were significantly older than women without (mean age 66.8; 95% CI, 65.9-67.7), and were more likely to have prevalent radiographic fractures (14.2% vs. 9.5%, p< 0.05). Age-adjusted BMD at the femoral neck, total hip, PA spine, and lateral spine was significantly higher in women with spine OA. Women with spine OA were more likely to have osteoporosis by WHO classification at the femoral neck and total hip than those without spine OA, but less likely based on the PA spine site (14.4% vs 24.5%). Despite higher BMD levels, women with OA of the lumbar spine had higher prevalence of osteoporosis at the hip and radiographic vertebral fractures. In elderly women 65 years and older who are likely to have spine OA, DXA measurement of the spine may be not useful in assessing fracture risk and DXA of the hip is recommended for identification of osteoporosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Utility of Spine Bone Density in Elderly Women

Schneider

Bettencourt

Barrett‐Connor

2006

Journal of Clinical Densitometry

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“…The data presented in this study are a compilation of multiple investigations on the determinants of bone acquisition in healthy children, adolescents, and young adults at Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif, from 1992 to 2006 (19,20,(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35). Included in this study were 1222 white subjects, aged 5-21 years, who were not taking any medications and were not known to have any illness.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative CT Reference Values for Vertebral Trabecular Bone Density in Children and Young Adults

Gilsanz¹,

Pérez²,

Campbell³

et al. 2009

Radiology

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Purpose:To determine normative reference values for vertebral trabecular bone density (TBD) obtained by using quantitative computed tomography (CT) in healthy white children, teenagers, and young adults of both sexes. Materials and Methods:The data presented in this HIPAA-compliant study are a compilation of data from multiple investigations on the determinants of bone acquisition in healthy children conducted at this institution from 1992 to 2006. The institutional review board for clinical investigations approved the protocols for each of these studies, and written informed consent was provided by all parents and/or participants. Quantitative CT measurements of TBD (in milligrams per cubic centimeter) were obtained at the first, second, and third lumbar vertebrae in 1222 healthy white male and female subjects aged 5-21 years (mean age for male subjects, 15.1 years Ϯ 3.6 [standard deviation]; range, 5.6 -21.9 years; mean age for female subjects, 14.2 years Ϯ 3.9; range, 5.7-21.6 years; mean age for both sexes, 14.6 years Ϯ 3.8). Mean and standard deviations for TBD were determined for each age group in 1-year intervals, and Student t tests for unpaired data were performed to compare male subjects with female subjects. Results:TBD increased equally during growth in male and female subjects. Although the percentage increase in TBD was similar for both sexes (23.7% [57 of 241] for male subjects, 22.2% [54 of 243] for female subjects), the rise began and reached peak values at an earlier age in female subjects; increases in TBD occurred from 10 -15 years of age in female subjects, whereas in male subjects, these increases were not observed until age 12 years and were completed at 17 years. Conclusion:This study provides reference standards for quantitative CT bone measurements in children and young adults, which may aid in the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of pediatric metabolic bone disorders. Note: This copy is for your personal, non-commercial use only. To order presentation-ready copies for distribution to your colleagues or clients, use the Radiology Reprints form at the end of this article.M easurements of bone density during childhood are commonly obtained to assess the deficiencies in bone accumulation associated with a multitude of pediatric disorders. Moreover, the amount of bone that is gained during growth is an important determinant of the risk for osteoporosis later in life (1,2), and available data suggest that the genetic susceptibility to osteoporosis is detectable in childhood (3). Peak bone mass, a major determinant of the future risk of fractures in the elderly, is largely achieved by the end of sexual development (4).Because of its availability, minimal radiation exposure, and relative ease of use, dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is the most commonly employed quantitative radiologic method to assess bone mass at any age (5). The interpretation of DXA bone studies is considerably more challenging in children than in adults. Although reference data and diagnostic algorithms are avai...

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“…DXA machine stability was monitored and assured according to the guidelines of the International Society of Clinical Densitometry. (35) Circulating miRNA quantification…”

Section: Study Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum miRNA Signatures Are Indicative of Skeletal Fractures in Postmenopausal Women With and Without Type 2 Diabetes and Influence Osteogenic and Adipogenic Differentiation of Adipose Tissue–Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells In Vitro

Heilmeier

Hackl²,

Skalicky

et al. 2016

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

122

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Standard DXA measurements, including Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX) scores, have shown limitations in assessing fracture risk in Type 2 Diabetes (T2D), underscoring the need for novel biomarkers and suggesting that other pathomechanisms may drive diabetic bone fragility. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are secreted into the circulation from cells of various tissues proportional to local disease severity and were recently found to be crucial to bone homeostasis and T2D. Here, we studied, if and which circulating miRNAs or combinations of miRNAs can discriminate best fracture status in a well-characterized study of diabetic bone disease and postmenopausal osteoporosis (n ¼ 80 postmenopausal women). We then tested the most discriminative and most frequent miRNAs in vitro. Using miRNA-qPCR-arrays, we showed that 48 miRNAs can differentiate fracture status in T2D women and that several combinations of four miRNAs can discriminate diabetes-related fractures with high specificity and sensitivity (area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve values [AUCs], 0.92 to 0.96; 95% CI, 0.88 to 0.98). For the osteoporotic study arm, 23 miRNAs were fracture-indicative and potential combinations of four miRNAs showed AUCs from 0.97 to 1.00 (95% CI, 0.93 to 1.00). Because a role in bone homeostasis for those miRNAs that were most discriminative and most present among all miRNA combinations had not been described, we performed in vitro functional studies in human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells to investigate the effect of miR-550a-5p, miR-188-3p, and miR-382-3p on osteogenesis, adipogenesis, and cell proliferation. We found that miR-382-3p significantly enhanced osteogenic differentiation (p < 0.001), whereas miR-550a-5p inhibited this process (p < 0.001). Both miRNAs, miR-382-3p and miR-550a-5p, impaired adipogenic differentiation, whereas miR-188-3p did not exert an effect on adipogenesis. None of the miRNAs affected significantly cell proliferation. Our data suggest for the first time that miRNAs are linked to fragility fractures in T2D postmenopausal women and should be further investigated for their diagnostic potential and their detailed function in diabetic bone.

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Official positions of the International Society for Clinical Densitometry

Cited by 88 publications

References 10 publications

Clinical Utility of Spine Bone Density in Elderly Women

Clinical Utility of Spine Bone Density in Elderly Women

Quantitative CT Reference Values for Vertebral Trabecular Bone Density in Children and Young Adults

Serum miRNA Signatures Are Indicative of Skeletal Fractures in Postmenopausal Women With and Without Type 2 Diabetes and Influence Osteogenic and Adipogenic Differentiation of Adipose Tissue–Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells In Vitro

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