Offline Signature Verification System Using SVM Classifier with Image Pre-processing Steps and SURF Algorithm

Abstract

A signature is a mark or name that represents the identity of the people and the Signature Verification System (SVS) is used to validate the identity of people. The signature verification system is mostly used for bank cheques, vouchers, intelligence agencies and others. There are two types of SVS which are online and offline signature verification systems. The paper deals with an offline signature verification system. The proposed system consists of four main stages, (i) image acquisition, (ii) image pre-processing, (iii) feature extraction and (iv) classification. The image pre-processing steps involved binarization, noise removal using Gaussian filter and image resizing and thinning. In the feature extraction stage, Bag-of-Features with the Speeded Up Robust Features (SURF) extractor was utilized. In the third stage, the Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier is used. Lastly, the confusion matrix and the verification rate were used to evaluate the performance of the classifier. In this paper, we implement and compare the performance of the signature verification system without entering the user ID and the signature verification system entering the user ID. For the ratio of 75% and 25% of the training and testing, respectively, the average accuracy for the signature verification system without entering the user ID is 71.36%, whereas the average accuracy for the signature verification system entering the user ID is 79.55%.

Literature Paper on Offline Signature Verification

“…A signature recognition system could be a way to confirm the signature in order to distinguish any imitation, sometime recently getting the ultimate result from verification stage, the recognition prepare comprises of a set of stages, incorporate normalization, features extraction, and classification, these three phases are exceptionally imperative to confirm signature since the transcribed signature can shift each time depending on the conduct and position of the person. [3]. Figure 1 shows different types of signatures for the same person.…”

“…Signature verification is a biometric technique used by a type of software to compare signatures and to authenticate the identity. Previously, manual signature verification has been used by some researchers [3].…”

“…However, manual signature verification has some weaknesses/ disadvantages. If through the way of manual signature verification, humans cannot check that the signature is real or fake in a short time [3].…”

“…The online signature verification has complete dynamic information while the offline signature verification has issues with images such as noise, poor resolutions or other image processing issues [3].…”