Oil and Gas Pipeline Failure Modelling

Crawley, Frank; Lines, I.G.; Mather, J.M.

doi:10.1205/095758203762851930

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…For example, in the UK, the National Transmission System (NTS) has a total length of over 7600 km high-pressure natural gas pipelines operating at pressures up to 94 bar (National Grid, 2021). Other important industrial chemicals such as ethane, propane and ethylene are also broadly transported via highpressure (usually over 100 bar) transmission pipelines (Crawley et al, 2003).…”

Section: Impact Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal emergency shutdown valve configuration for pressurised pipelines

Mahgerefteh

2022

Process Safety and Environmental Protection

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Pressurised pipelines are the primary mode of choice for transporting large quantities of hazardous fluids across the globe. The failure of such pipelines can lead to the release of significant amounts of flammable or toxic inventories, which may in turn present significant risks to life, environment and property. In order to mitigate such risks, various types of emergency shutdown valves (ESDVs), including Check Valves (CVs), Automatic Shut-off Valves (ASVs) and Remote Control Valves (RCVs), are installed along such pipelines as the front-line emergency mitigation tool.Accounting for the critically important ensuing in-pipe transient fluid flow, this thesis presents the development and application of a multi-objective optimisation study for selecting the ESDV type, number and spacing as well as its combinations and operational settings for striking a balance between the minimum valve capital cost against the efficacy in minimising and ultimately isolating outflow following pipeline failures.To my parents and brother: Thank you for your never-ending support and motivation.

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Section: Impact Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal emergency shutdown valve configuration for pressurised pipelines

Mahgerefteh

2022

Process Safety and Environmental Protection

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“…Constraint (12) indicates that at least one emergency material distribution station is built in the network. Constraints ( 13)- (15) are the definition fields of decision variables.…”

Section: Equations Explanationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As shown in Figure 2, a test example with a total number of 30 network nodes is randomly generated within the range of 30 × 30 km 2 with 16 hazardous chemical storage points (No. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. There are 10 candidate points for an emergency material distribution station (numbered [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26].…”

Section: Basic Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Emergency Supplies Scheduling for Hazardous Chemicals Storage Considering Risk

2021

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Hazardous chemicals are harmful to the people around them during their storage, especially when an accident occurs. The allocation and scheduling of emergency materials, therefore, is an important imperative of emergency rescue services. Due to the harmful characteristics of dangerous goods, the storage risk of hazardous chemicals in emergency networks always exists, which threatens surrounding residents. To reduce the risk of hazardous chemicals storage in terms of emergency networks, the collaborative optimization of emergency materials allocation and scheduling from the perspective of risk is proposed in the present study. The risk assessment of dangerous goods storage in different stages is developed. Minimizing the total cost and risk, a bi-level programming model of emergency material allocation and scheduling for dangerous goods storage is formulated. Then, the Karush–Kuhn–Tucker (KKT) condition is introduced to transform the proposed model, and the solution method is designed based on an augmented ε-constraint method. Finally, the computational case is provided to demonstrate the workability of the proposed model and method.

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“…To address the above, we employed a one-dimensional Homogeneous Equilibrium Mixture (HEM) pipe flow model (see, e.g., [26,27]) based on thermal and mechanical equilibrium assumption between the constituent phases to simulate CO2 pipeline decompression, successfully validating its predictions of the transient pressure and temperature against measured data for a real CO2 pipeline Full Bore Rupture (FBR) test [26]. The extent of CO2 solid formation as a function of time and distance along the pipeline was also simulated but was not compared against real data as the latter could not be recorded due to significant practical difficulties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational and Experimental Study of Solid-Phase Formation during the Decompression of High-Pressure CO₂ Pipelines

Martynov

Zheng

Mahgerefteh

et al. 2018

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Decompression of CO2 pipelines is studied both experimentally and numerically to provide a validated model as the basis for the prediction of the hazards associated with CO2 solid formation. The pipeline decompression experiments, performed using a fully instrumented 36.7 m long and 50 mm internal diameter test pipe up to a maximum pressure of 45 bar, incorporating discharge orifice diameters of 4 and 6 mm, reveal the stabilisation of pressure and temperature near the CO2 triple point. Also, video recordings of the decompression flow in the reinforced transparent section of the steel pipe show that initial stratification of the constituent liquid and vapour phases is followed by rapid CO2 solid formation and accumulation in the pipe. To aid the prediction of hazards associated with solids formation in pipelines, a homogeneous equilibrium pipeline decompression model is developed accounting for the pertinent physical properties of CO2 in the liquid, vapour and solid states. The model is validated against the experimental data, showing ability to accurately predict the measured pressure and temperature variations with time along the pipe, as well as the time and amount of the solid CO2 formed upon decompression across the triple point.

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Oil and Gas Pipeline Failure Modelling

Cited by 16 publications

References 1 publication

Optimal emergency shutdown valve configuration for pressurised pipelines

Optimal emergency shutdown valve configuration for pressurised pipelines

Optimization of Emergency Supplies Scheduling for Hazardous Chemicals Storage Considering Risk

Computational and Experimental Study of Solid-Phase Formation during the Decompression of High-Pressure CO₂ Pipelines

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Oil and Gas Pipeline Failure Modelling

Cited by 16 publications

References 1 publication

Optimal emergency shutdown valve configuration for pressurised pipelines

Optimal emergency shutdown valve configuration for pressurised pipelines

Optimization of Emergency Supplies Scheduling for Hazardous Chemicals Storage Considering Risk

Computational and Experimental Study of Solid-Phase Formation during the Decompression of High-Pressure CO2 Pipelines

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Computational and Experimental Study of Solid-Phase Formation during the Decompression of High-Pressure CO₂ Pipelines