Oil Crops and Social Conflict: Evidence From Indonesia

Grasse, Donald

doi:10.1177/00220027221084826

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(57 reference statements)

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“…For instance, a study conducted in Papua has estimated that the benefits of virgin forest ecosystem services are valued at around $3,795 ($ -The United States Dollar) per ha annually, while the economic profits of oil palm cultivation are projected to be $2,153 per ha per year, resulting in a yearly loss of $1,642 per ha (Acosta and Curt, 2019). Another study conducted in Indonesia has calculated the costs of social conflicts arising from oil palm expansion, ranging from $22 million to $460 million per year (Grasse, 2022). Sumarga and Hein (2016) have also estimated that the deforestation costs of oil palm expansion in Southeast Asia are between $22 billion and $227 billion annually, depending on the assigned policy scenarios.…”

Section: Monetary Quantification Of Environmental and Social Costs Of...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Oil palm boom: its socioeconomic use and abuse

Sibhatu

2023

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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Oil palm cultivation has experienced explosive expansion in recent decades. Although the oil palm boom has serious environmental and socioeconomic consequences, only environmental issues have garnered attention in public discussion and synthesis studies. In this study, we synthesize the literature on the socioeconomic impacts of oil palm expansion across various observation units and spatial and temporal scales, which is of significant relevance to policymakers, researchers, and the wider public. Our review demonstrates that oil palm expansion is a double-edged sword. On the one hand, it has significantly helped both producing and non-producing countries’ economies by facilitating the (re)export of crude palm oil and its byproducts and by creating employment opportunities. This has stimulated rural economies, led to rural poverty reduction, and improved food security and diets for rural households in producer countries. On the other hand, it has increased conflicts and tension between local communities and agro-industrial companies, worsened workers’ conditions, and widened domestic economic inequality between producing and non-producing areas within a given producer country. Monetary quantification of the costs of oil palm’s negative environmental and social impacts indicates that the loss of ecosystem services and social services far outweighs the benefits derived from the increased production of oil palm. The direct income benefits through harvest sales and employment are more evident in the Southeast Asia production frontier, where oil palm cultivation and marketing are relatively advanced and well-integrated into global value chains. The negative outcomes are observed in all oil palm production regions, with more negative effects on food security in the African production frontiers. We propose multiple actionable research and policy recommendations that may jointly lead to inclusive and sustainable socioeconomic (and environmental) outcomes in oil palm cultivation. The socioeconomic consequences of oil palm expansion at the global level, in the African and American production frontiers, and the role of gender in oil palm production systems remain understudied. Hence, studies should be conducted.

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Section: Monetary Quantification Of Environmental and Social Costs Of...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Oil palm boom: its socioeconomic use and abuse

Sibhatu

2023

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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“…In addition to the ambiguity of land ownership status, Grasse (2022) highlights the significant role of industrial expansion in exacerbating agrarian conflicts in Indonesia. In this context, the Omnibus Law on Job Creation (UU Cipta Kerja) provides ease for investors to invest in Indonesia, yet often without seriously considering potential agrarian conflicts arising from the development of industrial infrastructure (Abdulgani et al, 2023).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Land Contestation and Identity: Agrarian Conflict Between Maluku Indigenous Communities and State Authorities in A Sociological Perspective

Leiwakabessy

2024

baileofisip

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This article discusses agrarian conflicts between indigenous communities in Maluku and state authorities, focusing on a case study involving a conflict between the indigenous community of Negeri Laha and the Indonesian Air Force (TNI AU) as adjudicated by the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia in 2012. Employing a sociological approach, the study analyzes the root causes, conflict processes, and resolution efforts. Qualitative research methods, including in-depth interviews and field observations, were utilized for data collection, along with literature analysis comprising articles, books, and the aforementioned Supreme Court ruling. The article asserts that resolving agrarian conflicts in Maluku can serve as a model for addressing similar conflicts in the region. In addition to elucidating the status of land ownership and management among indigenous communities in Maluku, the article identifies triggers and resolution processes for agrarian conflicts. Furthermore, it emphasizes the importance of preventing agrarian conflicts by involving indigenous communities in strategic project development and resolving conflicts through customary processes and dialogue. Conflict prevention is prioritized to mitigate losses, both in terms of human lives and property. Violence and threats against indigenous communities must be avoided to prevent resistance or escalation of conflicts.

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Land tenure conflicts in forest areas: obstacles to rejuvenation of small-scale oil palm plantations in Indonesia

Mustofa,

Syahza,

Manurung

et al. 2024

IJLMA

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Purpose This study aims to investigate the problems small-scale oil palm plantations in Indonesia’s forest areas face and the government policies addressing them. Design/methodology/approach Survey and data collection were used to determine the socioeconomic, environmental, legal and governance problems related to the development of smallholder plantations. Information was obtained from the respondents via a rapid rural appraisal approach. Findings The potential land for potential participants in the community oil palm rejuvenation programme is a forest area of 1,628,749.60 ha. Owing to its legal dimensions and unsustainable land management, the rejuvenation regulatory programme has not reached independent farmers. Research limitations/implications The use of plantation space beyond its designation hinders the government’s goal of accelerating the rejuvenation programme. The problems regarding the accumulation of forest area result in low achievement of the annual rejuvenation target in Riau Province (21%–25%). The authors present solutions to resolve land ownership conflicts and implement strategic policies to ensure the sustainable development of such plantations. Originality/value The authors introduce a conflict–resolution model for small-scale smallholder oil palm plantations to resolve the problems of forest area claims unaddressed in the Indonesian Job Creation Law. Land conflict resolution is categorised into five typologies: oil palm plantations with business permits; those without a forestry permit and subject to administrative sanctions; business activities in forest areas without forestry permits; resolving non-conformities in the progress of land or management controlled and used in forest areas prior to their designation by removing land parcels through modifying the forest area boundaries; and the settlement for farmers without cultivation registration certificates but have established plantations and whose land tenure can be proven.

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Oil Crops and Social Conflict: Evidence From Indonesia

Cited by 8 publications

References 38 publications

Oil palm boom: its socioeconomic use and abuse

Oil palm boom: its socioeconomic use and abuse

Land Contestation and Identity: Agrarian Conflict Between Maluku Indigenous Communities and State Authorities in A Sociological Perspective

Land tenure conflicts in forest areas: obstacles to rejuvenation of small-scale oil palm plantations in Indonesia

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