2014
DOI: 10.1080/19376812.2014.884466
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Oil discovery in Turkana County, Kenya: a source of conflict or development?

Abstract: The recent discovery of oil in Turkana County in Kenya has brought to the forefront the plight of the Turkana people, a marginalized pastoralist group in semi-arid northwestern Kenya. Oil discovery has ignited considerable new-found interest in this neglected region by nonlocal Kenyan and foreign actors. Specifically, we use the resource curse framework to examine major drivers, impacts, and local perceptions of resource-based conflicts generally, and impacts of added vulnerabilities, risks, and opportunities … Show more

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Cited by 37 publications
(39 citation statements)
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“…The respondents did not mention the pollution of water, possibly because they are not noticeable yet as the exploration in Turkana only started in 2012. In addition to water, land could be polluted for instance by the dumping of oil wastes without proper sealing and treatment (Khaitan et al, 2006;da Silva et al, 2013). But again, the pollution of land did not feature strongly in the responses of the communities.…”
Section: Exposurementioning
confidence: 99%
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“…The respondents did not mention the pollution of water, possibly because they are not noticeable yet as the exploration in Turkana only started in 2012. In addition to water, land could be polluted for instance by the dumping of oil wastes without proper sealing and treatment (Khaitan et al, 2006;da Silva et al, 2013). But again, the pollution of land did not feature strongly in the responses of the communities.…”
Section: Exposurementioning
confidence: 99%
“…A review of existing studies on pastoralism and oil provides little ground to answer this question, simply because there are very few studies on oil exploration, pastoralism, conflict and climate change. For Kenya there has so far been only one study, but Johannes et al (2014) do not specifically focus on vulnerability to climate change. The authors conclude that oil is part of "a tinderbox of risk and opportunism for violent conflict, lawlessness, and potential armed rebellion" (Johannes et al, 2014).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…The Kenyan government and NGOs and international organizations have been the largest employers in Turkana to date, but nonlocal Kenyans hold the majority of the jobs. 120 Although largely lacking the skills and education to participate, the uneven distribution of jobs has nonetheless created discontent among the Turkana; this, as a result, has amplified recent hostility towards the oil industry regarding hiring practices. These negative experiences fuel mistrust towards current operators.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…90 The Turkana population, estimated at over 1 million with a density of two people per square kilometre, is largely pastoralist; the tending of livestock (cattle, sheep, and goats) providing both livelihood and identity. 91 Development in Turkana has been neglected by the central government in Nairobi for decades. It lacks infrastructure, skilled labour, and security, with a large flow of small arms coming through porous borders to and from conflicts in neighbouring countries.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%