Oil Field Retrofit of ESPs to Meet Harmonic Compliance

Abstract

A large Petrochemical company installed nearly 50,000 HP of electrical submersible pumps (ESP's) at an existing midwest USA oil field. Being equipped with Adjustable Speed Drives (ASD's) these ESP's introduced high levels of current harmonic distortion which resulted in 14%-19% voltage harmonic distortion at the Electrical Utility supply. Initially, the Utility noticed the low power factor (PF) and had the Oil company pay for the installation of power factor correction (PFC) capacitors on their medium voltage (MV) supply. Once installed, the Utility began to have problems with these capacitors and continued to receive complaints from other customers adjacent to the oil field so they enforced harmonic limits, as defined by IEEE Std 519, at all points of common coupling. Measurements were made with a harmonic analyzer at several locations throughout the electrical system to quantify harmonics and determine the effect the ESP's were having on the Utility distribution system. Computer simulations were performed to analyze different methods of harmonic mitigation. Ultimately, passive harmonic filters were installed on all ESP's in phases. In addition, the PFC capacitors were permanently disconnected after determining that a power system resonance condition existed. Once all phases of the project were complete, the voltage distortion level decreased to below 5% and power factor improved to near unity without the PFC capacitors. This article will describe the effect of harmonics on the electrical distribution system caused by ASD's, practical solutions to excessive voltage harmonic distortion, resonance issues with PFC capacitors and the challenges associated with different methods of harmonic mitigation.

Design and Implementation of an Automatic Emulsion Dispensing and Remote Monitoring System Based on IoT Platform

“…Through the designed control program [19], the weight of the emulsion oil tank, water storage tank, and emulsion tank is dynamically monitored, the initial concentration and target concentration are manually input, and the remote control terminal or on-site touch screen sends control signals to control the start and stop of the pump and solenoid valve, thus realizing the automatic dispensing of emulsion and remote monitoring, the use of high-precision sensors makes the dispensing accuracy has been dramatically improved; advanced Internet of Things technology reduces the involvement of people, so it dramatically reduces the labor force of the workers and significantly improves the safety of the production environment of the workers, and the depth of the research in the same type of research is in a leading position; by the laboratory 27 times of the replenishment and oil replenishment experiments, the final average relative error is 4.8%, which meets the needs of practical engineering. [20,21]. This thesis is divided into seven chapters.…”