Oil Palm Biomass As Potential Substitution Raw Materials For Commercial Biomass Briquettes Production

Nasrin, Abu Bakar; Ma, A.N.; Choo, Yuen May; Mohamad, Shaza Eva; Rohaya, M. H.; Azali, A.; Zainal, Zulkarnain

doi:10.3844/ajassp.2008.179.183

Cited by 120 publications

(52 citation statements)

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“…The type of biomass produced from the oil palm industry included empty fruit bunches (EFB), fiber, shell, wet shell, palm kernel, fronds and trunks. The amount of each type of biomass component is shown in Table 2 [18][19][20]. Due to the huge amount of biomass generated yearly, Malaysia has the potential to utilize the biomass efficiently and effectively to other value added products.…”

Section: Availability Of Oil Palm Biomass In Malaysiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in order to produce good quality briquettes from EFB fiber and PKE, it was recommended to blend with sawdust. Generally, converting oil palm biomass into briquettes will increase its energy content while reducing the moisture content by at least 5% and 38% respectively compared to its raw materials [20]. Advantages of using palm briquettes include low cost, available all year around, high calorific value, longer burning duration and most importantly more environmental friendly [45].…”

Section: Potential Utilization Of Oil Palm Biomassmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oil palm biomass as a sustainable energy source: A Malaysian case study

Shuit

Tan

Lee

et al. 2009

Energy

427

165

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The latest scientific data confirmed that the earth's climate is rapidly changing. Therefore, it has been widely accepted worldwide that global warming is by far the greatest threat and challenge in the new millennium. The main factor that causes global warming is the release of greenhouse gases to the environment. In order to reduce the emission of these greenhouse gases and to promote sustainable development, renewable energy is the perfect solution to achieve both targets. Besides, latest report has shown that the world, including Malaysia can no longer turn away from renewable energy as fossil fuel reserves can only last for the next 30 to 40 years. On the other hand, presently million of hectares of land in Malaysia is occupied with oil palm plantation generating huge quantities of biomass. In this context, biomass from the oil palm industries appears to be a very promising alternative as a source of raw materials including renewable energy in Malaysia. Thus, this paper aims to presents the current scenario of biomass in Malaysia covering the availability of feedstock as well as current and possible utilization of oil palm biomass. This paper will also discuss some ongoing projects in Malaysia related to the utilization of oil palm biomass as a source of renewable energy. Based on the findings presented, it is definitely clear that Malaysia has position herself in the right path to utilize biomass as a source of renewable energy and this can act as an example to other countries in the world that has huge biomass feedstock.

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Section: Availability Of Oil Palm Biomass In Malaysiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Potential Utilization Of Oil Palm Biomassmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oil palm biomass as a sustainable energy source: A Malaysian case study

Shuit

Tan

Lee

et al. 2009

Energy

427

165

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Carbons contents in those EFB are also not quite different to carbon in brown coal i.e. 60.65% [19], however, much higher to EFB reported in previous publication that is 43.5% [20]. Carbon in EFB will form the CO 2 as GHG emission in combustion process, therefore in the estimation of total emission reduction; this gas must be taken into consideration.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

CDM Potential in Palm Solid Waste Cogeneration as an Alternative Energy in Aceh Province

Mahidin

Machdar

Faisal

et al. 2013

MST

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Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) as a solid waste in Crude Palm Oil (CPO) industry does not utilized yet as an alternative energy source to generate electricity. It is well known that use of solid wate (biomass) as an energy source is part of the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) scheme due to direct reduction of Green House Gases (GHGs) emission and provide a direct contribution to sustainable development. Utilization of EFB as a source of energy is very potential to be implemented in Aceh since this province has 25 CPO Mills at the moment which actively produce about 870,000 ton EFB per year. This study is subjected to evaluate the potency of electricity from EFB theoretically by using primary data (survey data) and secondary data. Potency of EFB and number of electricity produced from that EFB are estimated using primary data and direct combustion scenario, respectively. Calculation methods for emission reduction acieved are done by AMS-I.D: Renewable electricity generation to the grid and AMS-III.E: Methane emissions avoided from dumping at a solid waste disposal site. The result of this investigation shows that energy consumption in 25 CPO Mills is 45 GW(e)h per year. Evidently, the number of energy/electricity which is potential to be produced by using 75% EFB is 1,047 GWh per year; so that the GHGs emission reduction up to 171,232.21 tCO 2 e per year. AbstrakPotensi MPB dalam Co-Generasi Limbah Padat Kelapa Sawit sebagai Energi Alternatif di Provinsi Aceh. Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (TKKS) sebagai limbah padat di industri minyak kelapa sawit belum dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber energi alternatif untuk membangkitkan listrik. Sudah sangat dimaklumi bahwa pemakaian limbah padat (biomassa) sebagai sumber energi adalah bagian dari skema Mekanisme Pembangunan Bersih (MPB) karena dapat mereduksi emisi Gas Rumah Kaca (GRK) secara langsung dan dapat memberikan kontribusi langsung terhadap pembangunan berkelanjutan. Pemanfaatan TKKS sebagai sumber energi sangat potensial untuk diimplementasikan di Aceh karena provinsi ini memiliki 25 Pabrik Kelapa Sawit (PKS) saat sekarang yang aktif memproduksi sekitar 870.000 ton TKKS per tahun. Studi ini diarahkan untuk mengevaluasi potensi listrik dari TKKS secara teoritik dengan menggunakan data primer (data survei) dan data sekunder. Potensi TKKS dan jumlah listrik yang dapat diproduksi dari TKKS tersebut masing-masing diestimasi menggunakan data primer dan skenario pembakaran langsung. Metode perhitungan untuk reduksi emisi yang diperoleh dilakukan dengan AMS-I.D: Pembangkitan listrik dari energi terbarukan untuk dimasukkan ke grid dan AMS-III.E: Pencegahan emisi metana dari penumpukan biomassa di tempat pembuangan limbah padat. Hasil dari investigasi ini menunjukkan bahwa konsumsi energi untuk 25 PKS adalah sebesar 45 GW(e)h per tahun. Jumlah energi/listrik yang mungkin diproduksi dengan memanfaatkan 75% potensi TKKS adalah 1,047 GWh per tahun; sehingga reduksi emisi GRK mencapai 171,232.21 tCO 2 e per tahun.

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“…Conventionally, the extruded machine can be used to prepare RDF-5. Reclaimed landfill from old dumpsite landfill urban mining mainly contsisting of paper and plastic is compressed using a screw extrusion machine [4], as shown in Fig. 1.…”

Section: Review Of Rdf Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Novel Design and Manufacturing Technology of Densified RDF from Reclaimed Landfill without a Mixing Binding Agent Using a Hydraulic Hot Pressing Machine

2016

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Abstract. The manufacturing of RDF (Refuse Derived Fuel) from a conventional cold press extrusion machine is not suitable for producing RDF from reclaimed landfill since it is not identical in shape and form after production due to the swelling of the plastic fraction contained inside the reclaimed landfill and hence needs a very high compression force. Moreover, a binder agent is needed in order to keep the RDF in a similar shape and form. A novel design and manufacturing technology for a hydraulic hot pressing machine has been established and can produce high-quality RDF without any binder. The two electrical heaters are installed at the inner core and on the surface of the mold. The compression force on the mold is performed by a hydraulic jack. In addition, a newly-designed locking plate system which is designed by a slider to open and close along the paired horizontal slots, can reduce the cycle time of the manufacturing process and yield higher productivity. The testing properties of the RDF produced by the novel hydraulic hot pressing machine include the examination of size, shape, weight, unit density, bulk density, compression strength, moisture content, and heating value. The results showed that the RDF is suitable to be used as feedstock in an incinerator or gasifier to produce green and clean energy from reclaimed landfill.

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Oil Palm Biomass As Potential Substitution Raw Materials For Commercial Biomass Briquettes Production

Cited by 120 publications

References 1 publication

Oil palm biomass as a sustainable energy source: A Malaysian case study

Oil palm biomass as a sustainable energy source: A Malaysian case study

CDM Potential in Palm Solid Waste Cogeneration as an Alternative Energy in Aceh Province

The Novel Design and Manufacturing Technology of Densified RDF from Reclaimed Landfill without a Mixing Binding Agent Using a Hydraulic Hot Pressing Machine

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